Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh

Introduction: Nitrogen enrichment of coastal salt marshes can induce feedbacks that alter ecosystem-level processes including primary production and carbon sequestration. Despite the rising interest in coastal blue carbon, the effects of chronic nutrient enrichment on blue carbon processes have rare...

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Autores principales:	Emily K. Geoghegan, Joshua S. Caplan, Francine N. Leech, Paige E. Weber, Caitlin E. Bauer, Thomas J. Mozdzer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2018
Materias:	Spartina alterniflora blue carbon eutrophication gross primary productivity net ecosystem exchange nitrogen ecosystem respiration tidal salt marsh Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c6b0d1876934490ca36510e1c99e66ca
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c6b0d1876934490ca36510e1c99e66ca2021-12-02T13:46:19ZNitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh2096-41292332-887810.1080/20964129.2018.1532772https://doaj.org/article/c6b0d1876934490ca36510e1c99e66ca2018-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2018.1532772https://doaj.org/toc/2096-4129https://doaj.org/toc/2332-8878Introduction: Nitrogen enrichment of coastal salt marshes can induce feedbacks that alter ecosystem-level processes including primary production and carbon sequestration. Despite the rising interest in coastal blue carbon, the effects of chronic nutrient enrichment on blue carbon processes have rarely been measured in the context of experimental fertilization. Here, we examined the ecosystem-level effects of nitrate (NO3−) enrichment on the greenhouse gas dynamics of a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh. We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes using static chambers through two growing seasons in a salt marsh that was nitrogen-enriched for 13 years and compared fluxes to those from a reference marsh. Outcomes: We found that nitrogen enrichment increased gross primary productivity (GPP) by 7.7% and increased ecosystem respiration (Reco) by 20.8%. However, nitrogen enrichment had no discernible effect on net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Taken together, these results suggest that nitrogen-induced stimulation of Reco could transform this salt marsh from a carbon sink into a source of carbon to the atmosphere. Conclusion: Our results complement prior findings of nitrogen enrichment weakening soil structure and organic matter stability in tidal salt marshes, suggesting that increased nutrient inputs have the potential to alter the carbon storage function of these ecosystems through enhanced microbial respiration of previously sequestered carbon.Emily K. GeogheganJoshua S. CaplanFrancine N. LeechPaige E. WeberCaitlin E. BauerThomas J. MozdzerTaylor & Francis GrouparticleSpartina alterniflorablue carboneutrophicationgross primary productivitynet ecosystem exchangenitrogenecosystem respirationtidal salt marshEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcosystem Health and Sustainability, Vol 4, Iss 11, Pp 277-287 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Spartina alterniflora blue carbon eutrophication gross primary productivity net ecosystem exchange nitrogen ecosystem respiration tidal salt marsh Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Spartina alterniflora blue carbon eutrophication gross primary productivity net ecosystem exchange nitrogen ecosystem respiration tidal salt marsh Ecology QH540-549.5 Emily K. Geoghegan Joshua S. Caplan Francine N. Leech Paige E. Weber Caitlin E. Bauer Thomas J. Mozdzer Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh
description	Introduction: Nitrogen enrichment of coastal salt marshes can induce feedbacks that alter ecosystem-level processes including primary production and carbon sequestration. Despite the rising interest in coastal blue carbon, the effects of chronic nutrient enrichment on blue carbon processes have rarely been measured in the context of experimental fertilization. Here, we examined the ecosystem-level effects of nitrate (NO3−) enrichment on the greenhouse gas dynamics of a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh. We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes using static chambers through two growing seasons in a salt marsh that was nitrogen-enriched for 13 years and compared fluxes to those from a reference marsh. Outcomes: We found that nitrogen enrichment increased gross primary productivity (GPP) by 7.7% and increased ecosystem respiration (Reco) by 20.8%. However, nitrogen enrichment had no discernible effect on net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Taken together, these results suggest that nitrogen-induced stimulation of Reco could transform this salt marsh from a carbon sink into a source of carbon to the atmosphere. Conclusion: Our results complement prior findings of nitrogen enrichment weakening soil structure and organic matter stability in tidal salt marshes, suggesting that increased nutrient inputs have the potential to alter the carbon storage function of these ecosystems through enhanced microbial respiration of previously sequestered carbon.
format	article
author	Emily K. Geoghegan Joshua S. Caplan Francine N. Leech Paige E. Weber Caitlin E. Bauer Thomas J. Mozdzer
author_facet	Emily K. Geoghegan Joshua S. Caplan Francine N. Leech Paige E. Weber Caitlin E. Bauer Thomas J. Mozdzer
author_sort	Emily K. Geoghegan
title	Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh
title_short	Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh
title_full	Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh
title_fullStr	Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh
title_full_unstemmed	Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh
title_sort	nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a new england salt marsh
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/c6b0d1876934490ca36510e1c99e66ca
work_keys_str_mv	AT emilykgeoghegan nitrogenenrichmentalterscarbonfluxesinanewenglandsaltmarsh AT joshuascaplan nitrogenenrichmentalterscarbonfluxesinanewenglandsaltmarsh AT francinenleech nitrogenenrichmentalterscarbonfluxesinanewenglandsaltmarsh AT paigeeweber nitrogenenrichmentalterscarbonfluxesinanewenglandsaltmarsh AT caitlinebauer nitrogenenrichmentalterscarbonfluxesinanewenglandsaltmarsh AT thomasjmozdzer nitrogenenrichmentalterscarbonfluxesinanewenglandsaltmarsh
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Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh

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