Two-Pore-Domain Potassium (K<sub>2P</sub>-) Channels: Cardiac Expression Patterns and Disease-Specific Remodelling Processes
Two-pore-domain potassium (K<sub>2P</sub>-) channels conduct outward K<sup>+</sup> currents that maintain the resting membrane potential and modulate action potential repolarization. Members of the K<sub>2P</sub> channel family are widely expressed among different...
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| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/c6c4252899d64a68b58ca010535dbf5c |
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| Sumario: | Two-pore-domain potassium (K<sub>2P</sub>-) channels conduct outward K<sup>+</sup> currents that maintain the resting membrane potential and modulate action potential repolarization. Members of the K<sub>2P</sub> channel family are widely expressed among different human cell types and organs where they were shown to regulate important physiological processes. Their functional activity is controlled by a broad variety of different stimuli, like pH level, temperature, and mechanical stress but also by the presence of lipids or pharmacological agents. In patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases, alterations in K<sub>2P</sub>-channel expression and function have been observed, suggesting functional significance and a potential therapeutic role of these ion channels. For example, upregulation of atrial specific K<sub>2P</sub>3.1 (TASK-1) currents in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients was shown to contribute to atrial action potential duration shortening, a key feature of AF-associated atrial electrical remodelling. Therefore, targeting K<sub>2P</sub>3.1 (TASK-1) channels might constitute an intriguing strategy for AF treatment. Further, mechanoactive K<sub>2P</sub>2.1 (TREK-1) currents have been implicated in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis and heart failure. Cardiovascular expression of other K<sub>2P</sub> channels has been described, functional evidence in cardiac tissue however remains sparse. In the present review, expression, function, and regulation of cardiovascular K<sub>2P</sub> channels are summarized and compared among different species. Remodelling patterns, observed in disease models are discussed and compared to findings from clinical patients to assess the therapeutic potential of K<sub>2P</sub> channels. |
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