Egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).

Female-biased predation is an uncommon phenomenon in nature since males of many species take on riskier behaviours to gain more mates. Several species of sphecid wasps have been observed taking more female than male prey, and it is not fully understood why. The solitary sphecid Isodontia mexicana ca...

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Autores principales:	Kyla Ercit, Andrew Martinez-Novoa, Darryl T Gwynne
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c6d9179fcf514b7e9a4eca92f6e528c9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c6d9179fcf514b7e9a4eca92f6e528c92021-11-25T05:56:34ZEgg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0110298https://doaj.org/article/c6d9179fcf514b7e9a4eca92f6e528c92014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110298https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Female-biased predation is an uncommon phenomenon in nature since males of many species take on riskier behaviours to gain more mates. Several species of sphecid wasps have been observed taking more female than male prey, and it is not fully understood why. The solitary sphecid Isodontia mexicana catches more adult female tree cricket (Oecanthus nigricornis) prey. Previous work has shown that, although female tree crickets are larger and thus likely to be more valuable as prey than males, body size alone cannot fully explain why wasps take more females. We tested the hypothesis that wasps catch adult female tree crickets more often because bearing eggs impedes a female's ability to escape predation. We compared female survivors to prey of I. mexicana, and found that females carrying more eggs were significantly more likely to be caught by wasps, regardless of their body size and jumping leg mass. We also conducted laboratory experiments where females' jumping responses to a simulated attack were measured and compared to her egg load and morphology. We found a significant negative relationship between egg load and jumping ability, and a positive relationship between body size and jumping ability. These findings support the hypothesis that ovarian eggs are a physical handicap that contributes to female-biased predation in this system. Predation on the most fecund females may have ecological-evolutionary consequences such as collapse of prey populations or selection for alternate life history strategies and behaviours.Kyla ErcitAndrew Martinez-NovoaDarryl T GwynnePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 10, p e110298 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kyla Ercit Andrew Martinez-Novoa Darryl T Gwynne Egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).
description	Female-biased predation is an uncommon phenomenon in nature since males of many species take on riskier behaviours to gain more mates. Several species of sphecid wasps have been observed taking more female than male prey, and it is not fully understood why. The solitary sphecid Isodontia mexicana catches more adult female tree cricket (Oecanthus nigricornis) prey. Previous work has shown that, although female tree crickets are larger and thus likely to be more valuable as prey than males, body size alone cannot fully explain why wasps take more females. We tested the hypothesis that wasps catch adult female tree crickets more often because bearing eggs impedes a female's ability to escape predation. We compared female survivors to prey of I. mexicana, and found that females carrying more eggs were significantly more likely to be caught by wasps, regardless of their body size and jumping leg mass. We also conducted laboratory experiments where females' jumping responses to a simulated attack were measured and compared to her egg load and morphology. We found a significant negative relationship between egg load and jumping ability, and a positive relationship between body size and jumping ability. These findings support the hypothesis that ovarian eggs are a physical handicap that contributes to female-biased predation in this system. Predation on the most fecund females may have ecological-evolutionary consequences such as collapse of prey populations or selection for alternate life history strategies and behaviours.
format	article
author	Kyla Ercit Andrew Martinez-Novoa Darryl T Gwynne
author_facet	Kyla Ercit Andrew Martinez-Novoa Darryl T Gwynne
author_sort	Kyla Ercit
title	Egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).
title_short	Egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).
title_full	Egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).
title_fullStr	Egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).
title_full_unstemmed	Egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).
title_sort	egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (oecanthus nigricornis).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/c6d9179fcf514b7e9a4eca92f6e528c9
work_keys_str_mv	AT kylaercit eggloaddecreasesmobilityandincreasespredationriskinfemaleblackhornedtreecricketsoecanthusnigricornis AT andrewmartineznovoa eggloaddecreasesmobilityandincreasespredationriskinfemaleblackhornedtreecricketsoecanthusnigricornis AT darryltgwynne eggloaddecreasesmobilityandincreasespredationriskinfemaleblackhornedtreecricketsoecanthusnigricornis
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Egg load decreases mobility and increases predation risk in female black-horned tree crickets (Oecanthus nigricornis).

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