Natural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid

The influences of superellipse shapes on natural convection in a horizontally subdivided non-Darcy porous cavity populated by Cu-water nanofluid are inspected in this paper. The impacts of the inner geometries <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" displa...

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Autor principal:	Noura Alsedais
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	natural convection superellipse shape cavity nanofluid porous media thermal conductivity non-Darcy porous cavity Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c6e1ae26ac7b4c0db3441b788e53e9c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c6e1ae26ac7b4c0db3441b788e53e9c42021-11-11T15:46:36ZNatural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid10.3390/en142169521996-1073https://doaj.org/article/c6e1ae26ac7b4c0db3441b788e53e9c42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/6952https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073The influences of superellipse shapes on natural convection in a horizontally subdivided non-Darcy porous cavity populated by Cu-water nanofluid are inspected in this paper. The impacts of the inner geometries <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.5</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1.5</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>,</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> Rayleigh number <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>≤</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>≤</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>6</mn></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, Darcy number <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><mo>≤</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>≤</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, porosity <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mn>0.2</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>ϵ</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0.8</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and solid volume fraction <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mn>0.01</mn><mo>≤</mo><mo>∅</mo><mo>≤</mo><mn>0.05</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> on nanofluid heat transport and streamlines were examined. The hot superellipse shapes were placed in the cavity’s bottom and top, while the adiabatic boundaries on the flat walls of the cavity were considered. The governing equations were numerically solved using the finite volume method (FVM). It was found that the movement of the nanofluid upsurged as Ra boosted. The temperature distributions in the cavity’s core had an inverse relationship with increasing Rayleigh number. An extra porous resistance at lower Darcy numbers limited the nanofluid’s movement within the porous layers. The mean Nusselt number decreased as the porous resistance increased <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>≤</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The flow and temperature were strongly affected as the shape of the inner superellipse grew larger.Noura AlsedaisMDPI AGarticlenatural convectionsuperellipse shape cavitynanofluidporous mediathermal conductivitynon-Darcy porous cavityTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 6952, p 6952 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	natural convection superellipse shape cavity nanofluid porous media thermal conductivity non-Darcy porous cavity Technology T
spellingShingle	natural convection superellipse shape cavity nanofluid porous media thermal conductivity non-Darcy porous cavity Technology T Noura Alsedais Natural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid
description	The influences of superellipse shapes on natural convection in a horizontally subdivided non-Darcy porous cavity populated by Cu-water nanofluid are inspected in this paper. The impacts of the inner geometries <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.5</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1.5</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>,</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> Rayleigh number <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>≤</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>≤</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>6</mn></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, Darcy number <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><mo>≤</mo><mi>D</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>≤</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, porosity <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mn>0.2</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>ϵ</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0.8</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and solid volume fraction <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mn>0.01</mn><mo>≤</mo><mo>∅</mo><mo>≤</mo><mn>0.05</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> on nanofluid heat transport and streamlines were examined. The hot superellipse shapes were placed in the cavity’s bottom and top, while the adiabatic boundaries on the flat walls of the cavity were considered. The governing equations were numerically solved using the finite volume method (FVM). It was found that the movement of the nanofluid upsurged as Ra boosted. The temperature distributions in the cavity’s core had an inverse relationship with increasing Rayleigh number. An extra porous resistance at lower Darcy numbers limited the nanofluid’s movement within the porous layers. The mean Nusselt number decreased as the porous resistance increased <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>≤</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. The flow and temperature were strongly affected as the shape of the inner superellipse grew larger.
format	article
author	Noura Alsedais
author_facet	Noura Alsedais
author_sort	Noura Alsedais
title	Natural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid
title_short	Natural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid
title_full	Natural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid
title_fullStr	Natural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid
title_full_unstemmed	Natural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid
title_sort	natural convection over two superellipse shapes with a porous cavity populated by nanofluid
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c6e1ae26ac7b4c0db3441b788e53e9c4
work_keys_str_mv	AT nouraalsedais naturalconvectionovertwosuperellipseshapeswithaporouscavitypopulatedbynanofluid
_version_	1718434053804261376

Natural Convection over Two Superellipse Shapes with a Porous Cavity Populated by Nanofluid

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