Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission

This study identified and determined the concentration of heavy metal contaminants in Igun, Ijana-Gada and Igbadae gold mining sites using Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique. This was with a view to providing information on various heavy metal concentrations, potential sources of metal...

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Autores principales:	A.A. Fagbenro, T.S. Yinusa, K.M. Ajekiigbe, A.O. Oke, E.I. Obiajunwa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Heavy metal Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) Mining Pollution load index Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c6e7a4f07e1644fda6e0c4a9ce18e9f6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c6e7a4f07e1644fda6e0c4a9ce18e9f62021-11-28T04:35:54ZAssessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission2468-227610.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e01047https://doaj.org/article/c6e7a4f07e1644fda6e0c4a9ce18e9f62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227621003483https://doaj.org/toc/2468-2276This study identified and determined the concentration of heavy metal contaminants in Igun, Ijana-Gada and Igbadae gold mining sites using Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique. This was with a view to providing information on various heavy metal concentrations, potential sources of metals contamination and pollution load at Igun, Ijana-Gada and Igbadae gold mining sites.A total of thirty soil samples were collected randomly from Igun, Ijana-Gada and Igbadae gold mining sites in the Ilesha area, Osun State. Twelve samples were collected each from Igun and Ijana-Gada sites; while six samples were collected from Igbadae site. The soil samples were processed and analyzed for selected heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, M, V and Fe). A Multivariate statistics approach (Pearson Correlation Matrix and Principal Component Analysis) was used on the data for identification of contamination sources.The heavy metal concentrations in the studied soils decreased in the following order: Fe > Ti > Mn > V > Cr > Zn > Pb > Cu with mean value of Fe (84,470.60 mg/kg), Ti (15,337.30 mg/kg), Mn (576.80 mg/kg), V (465.90 mg/kg), Cr (304.10 mg/kg), Zn (103.90 mg/kg), Pb (38.60 mg/kg), and Cu (26.00 mg/kg). The result obtained from the assessment of heavy metal pollution using Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Pollution Index (PI) confirmed that Igun, Ijana-Gada, and Igbadae soils/mine-tailings were polluted in the range from slightly through moderately polluted up to highly polluted. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) extracted three major components: PC1with loading of Fe, V, Zn, and Cu, PC2 with high loading of Ti and Mn while PC3 with the contribution of Pb and Cr. This was corroborated by Pearson Correlation Matrix (PCM) for the analyzed elements.The study revealed that the soils and mine tailings from the study area were polluted with heavy metals especially V, Ti and Cr from anthropogenic sources with little crustal material contributions thereby posing serious environmental and health concerns.A.A. FagbenroT.S. YinusaK.M. AjekiigbeA.O. OkeE.I. ObiajunwaElsevierarticleHeavy metalProton induced X-ray emission (PIXE)MiningPollution load indexScienceQENScientific African, Vol 14, Iss , Pp e01047- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Heavy metal Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) Mining Pollution load index Science Q
spellingShingle	Heavy metal Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) Mining Pollution load index Science Q A.A. Fagbenro T.S. Yinusa K.M. Ajekiigbe A.O. Oke E.I. Obiajunwa Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission
description	This study identified and determined the concentration of heavy metal contaminants in Igun, Ijana-Gada and Igbadae gold mining sites using Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique. This was with a view to providing information on various heavy metal concentrations, potential sources of metals contamination and pollution load at Igun, Ijana-Gada and Igbadae gold mining sites.A total of thirty soil samples were collected randomly from Igun, Ijana-Gada and Igbadae gold mining sites in the Ilesha area, Osun State. Twelve samples were collected each from Igun and Ijana-Gada sites; while six samples were collected from Igbadae site. The soil samples were processed and analyzed for selected heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, M, V and Fe). A Multivariate statistics approach (Pearson Correlation Matrix and Principal Component Analysis) was used on the data for identification of contamination sources.The heavy metal concentrations in the studied soils decreased in the following order: Fe > Ti > Mn > V > Cr > Zn > Pb > Cu with mean value of Fe (84,470.60 mg/kg), Ti (15,337.30 mg/kg), Mn (576.80 mg/kg), V (465.90 mg/kg), Cr (304.10 mg/kg), Zn (103.90 mg/kg), Pb (38.60 mg/kg), and Cu (26.00 mg/kg). The result obtained from the assessment of heavy metal pollution using Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Pollution Index (PI) confirmed that Igun, Ijana-Gada, and Igbadae soils/mine-tailings were polluted in the range from slightly through moderately polluted up to highly polluted. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) extracted three major components: PC1with loading of Fe, V, Zn, and Cu, PC2 with high loading of Ti and Mn while PC3 with the contribution of Pb and Cr. This was corroborated by Pearson Correlation Matrix (PCM) for the analyzed elements.The study revealed that the soils and mine tailings from the study area were polluted with heavy metals especially V, Ti and Cr from anthropogenic sources with little crustal material contributions thereby posing serious environmental and health concerns.
format	article
author	A.A. Fagbenro T.S. Yinusa K.M. Ajekiigbe A.O. Oke E.I. Obiajunwa
author_facet	A.A. Fagbenro T.S. Yinusa K.M. Ajekiigbe A.O. Oke E.I. Obiajunwa
author_sort	A.A. Fagbenro
title	Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission
title_short	Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission
title_full	Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission
title_fullStr	Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission
title_full_unstemmed	Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission
title_sort	assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in osun state, nigeria using proton-induced x-ray emission
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c6e7a4f07e1644fda6e0c4a9ce18e9f6
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Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil samples from a gold mining area in Osun State, Nigeria using proton-induced X-ray emission

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