Transcriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins

Glomalin, one of the glycoproteins generated in the spores and hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, has multiple functions in plants and soil, while the role of foliar spray of easily extractable glomalin-related soil proteins (EE-GRSP) in citrus fruits is not well defined. Our study aimed t...

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Autores principales:	Hui-Hui Wu, Anoop Kumar Srivastava, Yan Li, Ying-Ning Zou, Abeer Hashem, Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah, Qiang-Sheng Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	citrus fruit quality gene expression glomalin hexose mycorrhiza Agriculture (General) S1-972
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c6e7ad3ae1c04e799bb92c725eb74aa6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c6e7ad3ae1c04e799bb92c725eb74aa62021-11-25T16:01:55ZTranscriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins10.3390/agriculture111111712077-0472https://doaj.org/article/c6e7ad3ae1c04e799bb92c725eb74aa62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1171https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472Glomalin, one of the glycoproteins generated in the spores and hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, has multiple functions in plants and soil, while the role of foliar spray of easily extractable glomalin-related soil proteins (EE-GRSP) in citrus fruits is not well defined. Our study aimed to use referenced transcriptome sequencing to uncover the mechanism and the role of exogenous EE-GRSP in two late-ripening varieties of sweet orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) fruits including Navel Lane Late (LW) and Rohde Red Valencia (XC). The 1804 and 1861 differentially expressed genes were identified in fruits of LW and XC, respectively, following foliar spray of EE-GRSP. Photosynthesis ranked second in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolism in the LW variety, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organizations ranked first in KEGG metabolism in the XC variety. The response to foliar spray of EE-GRSP affected the fruit starch and sucrose metabolism of KEGG, with 15 (10 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated) and 13 (2 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes identified in the LW and XC variety, respectively. <i>Cs5g19060</i> (sucrose phosphate synthase 4) was activated and reduced by EE-GRSP on XC and LW, respectively. <i>Cs1g18220</i> (<i>β-fructofuranosidase</i>) and <i>Cs2g12180</i> (glycosyl hydrolase family 9) genes were up-regulated and down-regulated in LW and XC, respectively. These results established the involvement of molecular signaling in response to foliar spray of EE-GRSP activating fruit sugar metabolism is dependent on citrus varieties.Hui-Hui WuAnoop Kumar SrivastavaYan LiYing-Ning ZouAbeer HashemElsayed Fathi Abd_AllahQiang-Sheng WuMDPI AGarticlecitrusfruit qualitygene expressionglomalinhexosemycorrhizaAgriculture (General)S1-972ENAgriculture, Vol 11, Iss 1171, p 1171 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	citrus fruit quality gene expression glomalin hexose mycorrhiza Agriculture (General) S1-972
spellingShingle	citrus fruit quality gene expression glomalin hexose mycorrhiza Agriculture (General) S1-972 Hui-Hui Wu Anoop Kumar Srivastava Yan Li Ying-Ning Zou Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Qiang-Sheng Wu Transcriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins
description	Glomalin, one of the glycoproteins generated in the spores and hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, has multiple functions in plants and soil, while the role of foliar spray of easily extractable glomalin-related soil proteins (EE-GRSP) in citrus fruits is not well defined. Our study aimed to use referenced transcriptome sequencing to uncover the mechanism and the role of exogenous EE-GRSP in two late-ripening varieties of sweet orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) fruits including Navel Lane Late (LW) and Rohde Red Valencia (XC). The 1804 and 1861 differentially expressed genes were identified in fruits of LW and XC, respectively, following foliar spray of EE-GRSP. Photosynthesis ranked second in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolism in the LW variety, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organizations ranked first in KEGG metabolism in the XC variety. The response to foliar spray of EE-GRSP affected the fruit starch and sucrose metabolism of KEGG, with 15 (10 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated) and 13 (2 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated) differentially expressed genes identified in the LW and XC variety, respectively. <i>Cs5g19060</i> (sucrose phosphate synthase 4) was activated and reduced by EE-GRSP on XC and LW, respectively. <i>Cs1g18220</i> (<i>β-fructofuranosidase</i>) and <i>Cs2g12180</i> (glycosyl hydrolase family 9) genes were up-regulated and down-regulated in LW and XC, respectively. These results established the involvement of molecular signaling in response to foliar spray of EE-GRSP activating fruit sugar metabolism is dependent on citrus varieties.
format	article
author	Hui-Hui Wu Anoop Kumar Srivastava Yan Li Ying-Ning Zou Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Qiang-Sheng Wu
author_facet	Hui-Hui Wu Anoop Kumar Srivastava Yan Li Ying-Ning Zou Abeer Hashem Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah Qiang-Sheng Wu
author_sort	Hui-Hui Wu
title	Transcriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins
title_short	Transcriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins
title_full	Transcriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins
title_fullStr	Transcriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins
title_full_unstemmed	Transcriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins
title_sort	transcriptomic analysis of late-ripening sweet orange fruits (<i>citrus sinensis</i>) after foliar application of glomalin-related soil proteins
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c6e7ad3ae1c04e799bb92c725eb74aa6
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Late-Ripening Sweet Orange Fruits (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) after Foliar Application of Glomalin-Related Soil Proteins

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