The effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.

The impact of silver nanoparticles (NPs) and microparticles (MPs) on bacterial and fungal assemblages was studied in soils collected from a low arctic site. Two different concentrations (0.066% and 6.6%) of Ag NPs and Ag MPs were tested in microcosms that were exposed to temperatures mimicking a win...

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Autores principales:	Niraj Kumar, Gerald R Palmer, Vishal Shah, Virginia K Walker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7060b738f1b4022a35c2f71e5605ca8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7060b738f1b4022a35c2f71e5605ca82021-11-18T08:15:40ZThe effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0099953https://doaj.org/article/c7060b738f1b4022a35c2f71e5605ca82014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24926877/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The impact of silver nanoparticles (NPs) and microparticles (MPs) on bacterial and fungal assemblages was studied in soils collected from a low arctic site. Two different concentrations (0.066% and 6.6%) of Ag NPs and Ag MPs were tested in microcosms that were exposed to temperatures mimicking a winter to summer transition. Toxicity was monitored by differential respiration, phospholipid fatty acid analysis, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Notwithstanding the effect of Ag MPs, nanosilver had an obvious, additional impact on the microbial community, underscoring the importance of particle size in toxicity. This impact was evidenced by levels of differential respiration in 0.066% Ag NP-treated soil that were only half that of control soils, a decrease in signature bacterial fatty acids, and changes in both richness and evenness in bacterial and fungal DNA sequence assemblages. Prominent after Ag NP-treatment were Hypocreales fungi, which increased to 70%, from only 1% of fungal sequences under control conditions. Genera within this Order known for their antioxidant properties (Cordyceps/Isaria) dominated the fungal assemblage after NP addition. In contrast, sequences attributed to the nitrogen-fixing Rhizobiales bacteria appeared vulnerable to Ag NP-mediated toxicity. This combination of physiological, biochemical and molecular studies clearly demonstrate that Ag NPs can severely disrupt the natural seasonal progression of tundra assemblages.Niraj KumarGerald R PalmerVishal ShahVirginia K WalkerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e99953 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Niraj Kumar Gerald R Palmer Vishal Shah Virginia K Walker The effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.
description	The impact of silver nanoparticles (NPs) and microparticles (MPs) on bacterial and fungal assemblages was studied in soils collected from a low arctic site. Two different concentrations (0.066% and 6.6%) of Ag NPs and Ag MPs were tested in microcosms that were exposed to temperatures mimicking a winter to summer transition. Toxicity was monitored by differential respiration, phospholipid fatty acid analysis, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing. Notwithstanding the effect of Ag MPs, nanosilver had an obvious, additional impact on the microbial community, underscoring the importance of particle size in toxicity. This impact was evidenced by levels of differential respiration in 0.066% Ag NP-treated soil that were only half that of control soils, a decrease in signature bacterial fatty acids, and changes in both richness and evenness in bacterial and fungal DNA sequence assemblages. Prominent after Ag NP-treatment were Hypocreales fungi, which increased to 70%, from only 1% of fungal sequences under control conditions. Genera within this Order known for their antioxidant properties (Cordyceps/Isaria) dominated the fungal assemblage after NP addition. In contrast, sequences attributed to the nitrogen-fixing Rhizobiales bacteria appeared vulnerable to Ag NP-mediated toxicity. This combination of physiological, biochemical and molecular studies clearly demonstrate that Ag NPs can severely disrupt the natural seasonal progression of tundra assemblages.
format	article
author	Niraj Kumar Gerald R Palmer Vishal Shah Virginia K Walker
author_facet	Niraj Kumar Gerald R Palmer Vishal Shah Virginia K Walker
author_sort	Niraj Kumar
title	The effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.
title_short	The effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.
title_full	The effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.
title_fullStr	The effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.
title_full_unstemmed	The effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.
title_sort	effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7060b738f1b4022a35c2f71e5605ca8
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The effect of silver nanoparticles on seasonal change in arctic tundra bacterial and fungal assemblages.

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