Effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates

Abstract Meal ingestion elicits a variety of neuronal, physiological and hormonal responses that differ in healthy, obese or diabetic individuals. The mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) is a well-established method to evaluate pancreatic β-cell reserve and glucose homeostasis in both preclinical and c...

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Autores principales:	Kamal Albarazanji, Andrea R. Nawrocki, Bin Gao, Xiaoli Wang, Yixin (Jim) Wang, Yong-Fu Xiao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7194540df2a40858f81ef72ab541830
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7194540df2a40858f81ef72ab5418302021-12-02T15:56:41ZEffects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates10.1038/s41598-021-91027-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c7194540df2a40858f81ef72ab5418302021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91027-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Meal ingestion elicits a variety of neuronal, physiological and hormonal responses that differ in healthy, obese or diabetic individuals. The mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) is a well-established method to evaluate pancreatic β-cell reserve and glucose homeostasis in both preclinical and clinical research in response to calorically defined meal. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are highly valuable for diabetic research as they can naturally develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a way similar to the onset and progression of human T2DM. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reproducibility and effects of a MMTT containing acetaminophen on plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, incretin hormones, lipids, acetaminophen appearance (a surrogate marker for gastric emptying) in 16 conscious obese cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Plasma insulin, C-peptide, TG, aGLP-1, tGIP, PYY and acetaminophen significantly increased after meal/acetaminophen administration. A subsequent study in 6 animals showed that the changes of plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, lipids and acetaminophen were reproducible. There were no significant differences in responses to the MMTT among the obese NHPs with (n = 11) or without (n = 5) hyperglycemia. Our results demonstrate that mixed meal administration induces significant secretion of several incretins which are critical for maintaining glucose homeostasis. In addition, the responses to the MMTTs are reproducible in NHPs, which is important when the MMTT is used for evaluating post-meal glucose homeostasis in research.Kamal AlbarazanjiAndrea R. NawrockiBin GaoXiaoli WangYixin (Jim) WangYong-Fu XiaoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kamal Albarazanji Andrea R. Nawrocki Bin Gao Xiaoli Wang Yixin (Jim) Wang Yong-Fu Xiao Effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates
description	Abstract Meal ingestion elicits a variety of neuronal, physiological and hormonal responses that differ in healthy, obese or diabetic individuals. The mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) is a well-established method to evaluate pancreatic β-cell reserve and glucose homeostasis in both preclinical and clinical research in response to calorically defined meal. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are highly valuable for diabetic research as they can naturally develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a way similar to the onset and progression of human T2DM. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reproducibility and effects of a MMTT containing acetaminophen on plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, incretin hormones, lipids, acetaminophen appearance (a surrogate marker for gastric emptying) in 16 conscious obese cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Plasma insulin, C-peptide, TG, aGLP-1, tGIP, PYY and acetaminophen significantly increased after meal/acetaminophen administration. A subsequent study in 6 animals showed that the changes of plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, lipids and acetaminophen were reproducible. There were no significant differences in responses to the MMTT among the obese NHPs with (n = 11) or without (n = 5) hyperglycemia. Our results demonstrate that mixed meal administration induces significant secretion of several incretins which are critical for maintaining glucose homeostasis. In addition, the responses to the MMTTs are reproducible in NHPs, which is important when the MMTT is used for evaluating post-meal glucose homeostasis in research.
format	article
author	Kamal Albarazanji Andrea R. Nawrocki Bin Gao Xiaoli Wang Yixin (Jim) Wang Yong-Fu Xiao
author_facet	Kamal Albarazanji Andrea R. Nawrocki Bin Gao Xiaoli Wang Yixin (Jim) Wang Yong-Fu Xiao
author_sort	Kamal Albarazanji
title	Effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates
title_short	Effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates
title_full	Effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates
title_fullStr	Effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates
title_sort	effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7194540df2a40858f81ef72ab541830
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Effects of mixed meal tolerance test on gastric emptying, glucose and lipid homeostasis in obese nonhuman primates

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