Developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.

The world is increasingly impacted by a variety of stressors that have the potential to differentially influence life history stages of organisms. Organisms have evolved to cope with some stressors, while with others they have little capacity. It is thus important to understand the effects of both d...

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Autores principales:	Gareth R Hopkins, Edmund D Brodie, Susannah S French
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c71f3f2181ce405c8cc8a5b303115d6e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c71f3f2181ce405c8cc8a5b303115d6e2021-11-18T08:22:27ZDevelopmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0095174https://doaj.org/article/c71f3f2181ce405c8cc8a5b303115d6e2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24748021/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The world is increasingly impacted by a variety of stressors that have the potential to differentially influence life history stages of organisms. Organisms have evolved to cope with some stressors, while with others they have little capacity. It is thus important to understand the effects of both developmental and evolutionary history on survival in stressful environments. We present evidence of the effects of both developmental and evolutionary history on survival of a freshwater vertebrate, the rough-skinned newt (Taricha granulosa) in an osmotically stressful environment. We compared the survival of larvae in either NaCl or MgCl2 that were exposed to salinity either as larvae only or as embryos as well. Embryonic exposure to salinity led to greater mortality of newt larvae than larval exposure alone, and this reduced survival probability was strongly linked to the carry-over effect of stunted embryonic growth in salts. Larval survival was also dependent on the type of salt (NaCl or MgCl2) the larvae were exposed to, and was lowest in MgCl2, a widely-used chemical deicer that, unlike NaCl, amphibian larvae do not have an evolutionary history of regulating at high levels. Both developmental and evolutionary history are critical factors in determining survival in this stressful environment, a pattern that may have widespread implications for the survival of animals increasingly impacted by substances with which they have little evolutionary history.Gareth R HopkinsEdmund D BrodieSusannah S FrenchPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 4, p e95174 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gareth R Hopkins Edmund D Brodie Susannah S French Developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.
description	The world is increasingly impacted by a variety of stressors that have the potential to differentially influence life history stages of organisms. Organisms have evolved to cope with some stressors, while with others they have little capacity. It is thus important to understand the effects of both developmental and evolutionary history on survival in stressful environments. We present evidence of the effects of both developmental and evolutionary history on survival of a freshwater vertebrate, the rough-skinned newt (Taricha granulosa) in an osmotically stressful environment. We compared the survival of larvae in either NaCl or MgCl2 that were exposed to salinity either as larvae only or as embryos as well. Embryonic exposure to salinity led to greater mortality of newt larvae than larval exposure alone, and this reduced survival probability was strongly linked to the carry-over effect of stunted embryonic growth in salts. Larval survival was also dependent on the type of salt (NaCl or MgCl2) the larvae were exposed to, and was lowest in MgCl2, a widely-used chemical deicer that, unlike NaCl, amphibian larvae do not have an evolutionary history of regulating at high levels. Both developmental and evolutionary history are critical factors in determining survival in this stressful environment, a pattern that may have widespread implications for the survival of animals increasingly impacted by substances with which they have little evolutionary history.
format	article
author	Gareth R Hopkins Edmund D Brodie Susannah S French
author_facet	Gareth R Hopkins Edmund D Brodie Susannah S French
author_sort	Gareth R Hopkins
title	Developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.
title_short	Developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.
title_full	Developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.
title_fullStr	Developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.
title_full_unstemmed	Developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.
title_sort	developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/c71f3f2181ce405c8cc8a5b303115d6e
work_keys_str_mv	AT garethrhopkins developmentalandevolutionaryhistoryaffectsurvivalinstressfulenvironments AT edmunddbrodie developmentalandevolutionaryhistoryaffectsurvivalinstressfulenvironments AT susannahsfrench developmentalandevolutionaryhistoryaffectsurvivalinstressfulenvironments
_version_	1718421889512112128

Developmental and evolutionary history affect survival in stressful environments.

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