Automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery

Abstract Automated tools for landmarking the internal carotid artery (ICA) bends have the potential for efficient and objective medical image-based morphometric analysis. The two existing algorithms rely on numerical approximations of curvature and torsion of the centerline. However, input parameter...

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Autores principales:	Henrik A Kjeldsberg, Aslak W Bergersen, Kristian Valen-Sendstad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Geometric characterization Automated landmarking Internal carotid artery Computational geometry Landmark detection Geometric risk factor Medical technology R855-855.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c73f7e7e572e4698ab3db63750415322
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c73f7e7e572e4698ab3db637504153222021-11-28T12:13:24ZAutomated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery10.1186/s12938-021-00957-61475-925Xhttps://doaj.org/article/c73f7e7e572e4698ab3db637504153222021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-021-00957-6https://doaj.org/toc/1475-925XAbstract Automated tools for landmarking the internal carotid artery (ICA) bends have the potential for efficient and objective medical image-based morphometric analysis. The two existing algorithms rely on numerical approximations of curvature and torsion of the centerline. However, input parameters, original source code, comparability, and robustness of the algorithms remain unknown. To address the former two, we have re-implemented the algorithms, followed by sensitivity analyses. Of the input parameters, the centerline smoothing had the least impact resulting in 6–7 bends, which is anatomically realistic. In contrast, centerline resolution showed to completely over- and underestimated the number of bends varying from 3 to 33. Applying the algorithms to the same cohort revealed a variability that makes comparison of results between previous studies questionable. Assessment of robustness revealed how one algorithm is vulnerable to model smoothness and noise, but conceptually independent of application. In contrast, the other algorithm is robust and consistent, but with limited general applicability. In conclusion, both algorithms are equally valid albeit they produce vastly different results. We have provided a well-documented open-source implementation of the algorithms. Finally, we have successfully performed this study on the ICA, but application to other vascular regions should be performed with caution.Henrik A KjeldsbergAslak W BergersenKristian Valen-SendstadBMCarticleGeometric characterizationAutomated landmarkingInternal carotid arteryComputational geometryLandmark detectionGeometric risk factorMedical technologyR855-855.5ENBioMedical Engineering OnLine, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Geometric characterization Automated landmarking Internal carotid artery Computational geometry Landmark detection Geometric risk factor Medical technology R855-855.5
spellingShingle	Geometric characterization Automated landmarking Internal carotid artery Computational geometry Landmark detection Geometric risk factor Medical technology R855-855.5 Henrik A Kjeldsberg Aslak W Bergersen Kristian Valen-Sendstad Automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery
description	Abstract Automated tools for landmarking the internal carotid artery (ICA) bends have the potential for efficient and objective medical image-based morphometric analysis. The two existing algorithms rely on numerical approximations of curvature and torsion of the centerline. However, input parameters, original source code, comparability, and robustness of the algorithms remain unknown. To address the former two, we have re-implemented the algorithms, followed by sensitivity analyses. Of the input parameters, the centerline smoothing had the least impact resulting in 6–7 bends, which is anatomically realistic. In contrast, centerline resolution showed to completely over- and underestimated the number of bends varying from 3 to 33. Applying the algorithms to the same cohort revealed a variability that makes comparison of results between previous studies questionable. Assessment of robustness revealed how one algorithm is vulnerable to model smoothness and noise, but conceptually independent of application. In contrast, the other algorithm is robust and consistent, but with limited general applicability. In conclusion, both algorithms are equally valid albeit they produce vastly different results. We have provided a well-documented open-source implementation of the algorithms. Finally, we have successfully performed this study on the ICA, but application to other vascular regions should be performed with caution.
format	article
author	Henrik A Kjeldsberg Aslak W Bergersen Kristian Valen-Sendstad
author_facet	Henrik A Kjeldsberg Aslak W Bergersen Kristian Valen-Sendstad
author_sort	Henrik A Kjeldsberg
title	Automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery
title_short	Automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery
title_full	Automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery
title_fullStr	Automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery
title_full_unstemmed	Automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery
title_sort	automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c73f7e7e572e4698ab3db63750415322
work_keys_str_mv	AT henrikakjeldsberg automatedlandmarkingofbendsinvascularstructuresacomparativestudywithapplicationtotheinternalcarotidartery AT aslakwbergersen automatedlandmarkingofbendsinvascularstructuresacomparativestudywithapplicationtotheinternalcarotidartery AT kristianvalensendstad automatedlandmarkingofbendsinvascularstructuresacomparativestudywithapplicationtotheinternalcarotidartery
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Automated landmarking of bends in vascular structures: a comparative study with application to the internal carotid artery

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