Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.

The current study aimed to verify whether or not passive static stretching affects balance control capacity. Thirty-eight participants (19 women and 19 men) underwent a passive static stretching session, involving the knee extensor/flexor and dorsi/plantarflexor muscles, and a control session (no st...

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Autores principales:	Giuseppe Coratella, Stefano Longo, Susanna Rampichini, Christian Doria, Marta Borrelli, Eloisa Limonta, Giovanni Michielon, Emiliano Cè, Fabio Esposito
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7411e70b8a14b78a8522c6e42c118d2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7411e70b8a14b78a8522c6e42c118d22021-12-02T20:14:17ZPassive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256656https://doaj.org/article/c7411e70b8a14b78a8522c6e42c118d22021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256656https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The current study aimed to verify whether or not passive static stretching affects balance control capacity. Thirty-eight participants (19 women and 19 men) underwent a passive static stretching session, involving the knee extensor/flexor and dorsi/plantarflexor muscles, and a control session (no stretching, CTRL). Before (PRE), immediately after (POST), after 15 (POST15) and 30 min (POST30) from stretching (or rest in CTRL), balance control was evaluated under static and dynamic conditions, with open/closed eyes, and with/without somatosensory perturbation (foam under the feet). During tests, centre of pressure (CoP) sway area and perimeter and antero-posterior and medio-lateral sway mean speed were computed. Surface electromyography root mean square (sEMG RMS) was calculated from the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius medialis, and tibialis anterior muscles during MVC and during the balance tests. Hip flexion/extension and dorsi/plantarflexion range of motion (ROM), maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and sEMG RMS during MVC were measured at the same time points. After stretching, ROM increased (≈6.5%; P<0.05), while MVC and sEMG RMS decreased (≈9% and ≈7.5%, respectively; P<0.05). Regardless of the testing condition, CoP sway area and the perimeter remained similar, while antero-posterior and medio-lateral sway mean speed decreased by ≈8% and ≈12%, respectively (P<0.05). sEMG RMS during the balance tests increased in all muscles in POST (≈7%, P<0.05). All variables recovered in POST30. No changes occurred in CTRL. Passive static stretching did not affect the overall balance control ability. However, greater muscle activation was required to maintain similar CoP sway, thus suggesting a decrease in muscle efficiency.Giuseppe CoratellaStefano LongoSusanna RampichiniChristian DoriaMarta BorrelliEloisa LimontaGiovanni MichielonEmiliano CèFabio EspositoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0256656 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Giuseppe Coratella Stefano Longo Susanna Rampichini Christian Doria Marta Borrelli Eloisa Limonta Giovanni Michielon Emiliano Cè Fabio Esposito Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.
description	The current study aimed to verify whether or not passive static stretching affects balance control capacity. Thirty-eight participants (19 women and 19 men) underwent a passive static stretching session, involving the knee extensor/flexor and dorsi/plantarflexor muscles, and a control session (no stretching, CTRL). Before (PRE), immediately after (POST), after 15 (POST15) and 30 min (POST30) from stretching (or rest in CTRL), balance control was evaluated under static and dynamic conditions, with open/closed eyes, and with/without somatosensory perturbation (foam under the feet). During tests, centre of pressure (CoP) sway area and perimeter and antero-posterior and medio-lateral sway mean speed were computed. Surface electromyography root mean square (sEMG RMS) was calculated from the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gastrocnemius medialis, and tibialis anterior muscles during MVC and during the balance tests. Hip flexion/extension and dorsi/plantarflexion range of motion (ROM), maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and sEMG RMS during MVC were measured at the same time points. After stretching, ROM increased (≈6.5%; P<0.05), while MVC and sEMG RMS decreased (≈9% and ≈7.5%, respectively; P<0.05). Regardless of the testing condition, CoP sway area and the perimeter remained similar, while antero-posterior and medio-lateral sway mean speed decreased by ≈8% and ≈12%, respectively (P<0.05). sEMG RMS during the balance tests increased in all muscles in POST (≈7%, P<0.05). All variables recovered in POST30. No changes occurred in CTRL. Passive static stretching did not affect the overall balance control ability. However, greater muscle activation was required to maintain similar CoP sway, thus suggesting a decrease in muscle efficiency.
format	article
author	Giuseppe Coratella Stefano Longo Susanna Rampichini Christian Doria Marta Borrelli Eloisa Limonta Giovanni Michielon Emiliano Cè Fabio Esposito
author_facet	Giuseppe Coratella Stefano Longo Susanna Rampichini Christian Doria Marta Borrelli Eloisa Limonta Giovanni Michielon Emiliano Cè Fabio Esposito
author_sort	Giuseppe Coratella
title	Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.
title_short	Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.
title_full	Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.
title_fullStr	Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.
title_full_unstemmed	Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.
title_sort	passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7411e70b8a14b78a8522c6e42c118d2
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Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks.

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