Antioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy

Increased metabolism that occurs during pregnancy can result in oxidative stress which is harmful to cells and, consequently, for the proper functioning of the whole organism. Plasma and recently also saliva are important resources for evaluating physiological and pathological conditions in animals....

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Autores principales:	Arletta Bielecka, Monika Jamioł, Marta Kankofer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	oxidative stress free radicals antioxidants pregnancy cows Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7513e03bd474329a94b852b472c3b6a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7513e03bd474329a94b852b472c3b6a2021-11-25T16:19:00ZAntioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy10.3390/ani111132042076-2615https://doaj.org/article/c7513e03bd474329a94b852b472c3b6a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3204https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615Increased metabolism that occurs during pregnancy can result in oxidative stress which is harmful to cells and, consequently, for the proper functioning of the whole organism. Plasma and recently also saliva are important resources for evaluating physiological and pathological conditions in animals. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the metabolic state on the effectiveness of the antioxidant profile of plasma and saliva during the pregnancy of cows. Seventy-six healthy pregnant and twelve non-pregnant control cows were included in the study. Blood and saliva samples were collected each month of the pregnancy course. Examined body fluids were used to evaluate both the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the oxidative parameters related to protein and lipid peroxidative processes. TAC, the content of hydroperoxides, and SH groups were determined spectrophotometrically while formylokinurenine and bityrosine contents were measured spectrofluorimetrically. The results showed dynamic changes depending on the period of pregnancy course. The highest antioxidant activity in plasma was mostly noted in early pregnancy and advanced pregnant cows. All tested parameters except SH groups expressed higher values in saliva compared to plasma. Obtained results reveal that the increase in oxidative intensity induced appropriate answers of cells reflected in the increase in antioxidative activity of the organism. Moreover, some examined parameters can indicate the intensity of oxidative stress and therefore could be used in a panel of markers of the physiological course of pregnancy. However, with regards to antioxidant/oxidative parameters, saliva reflects the content of plasma only in part, due to the local metabolism of the salivary gland. Further studies are necessary to establish physiological ranges of antioxidative/oxidative profiles in cows and to define the usefulness of saliva as biological material in oxidative stress diagnostics.Arletta BieleckaMonika JamiołMarta KankoferMDPI AGarticleoxidative stressfree radicalsantioxidantspregnancycowsVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3204, p 3204 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	oxidative stress free radicals antioxidants pregnancy cows Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	oxidative stress free radicals antioxidants pregnancy cows Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Arletta Bielecka Monika Jamioł Marta Kankofer Antioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy
description	Increased metabolism that occurs during pregnancy can result in oxidative stress which is harmful to cells and, consequently, for the proper functioning of the whole organism. Plasma and recently also saliva are important resources for evaluating physiological and pathological conditions in animals. The study aimed to investigate the influence of the metabolic state on the effectiveness of the antioxidant profile of plasma and saliva during the pregnancy of cows. Seventy-six healthy pregnant and twelve non-pregnant control cows were included in the study. Blood and saliva samples were collected each month of the pregnancy course. Examined body fluids were used to evaluate both the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the oxidative parameters related to protein and lipid peroxidative processes. TAC, the content of hydroperoxides, and SH groups were determined spectrophotometrically while formylokinurenine and bityrosine contents were measured spectrofluorimetrically. The results showed dynamic changes depending on the period of pregnancy course. The highest antioxidant activity in plasma was mostly noted in early pregnancy and advanced pregnant cows. All tested parameters except SH groups expressed higher values in saliva compared to plasma. Obtained results reveal that the increase in oxidative intensity induced appropriate answers of cells reflected in the increase in antioxidative activity of the organism. Moreover, some examined parameters can indicate the intensity of oxidative stress and therefore could be used in a panel of markers of the physiological course of pregnancy. However, with regards to antioxidant/oxidative parameters, saliva reflects the content of plasma only in part, due to the local metabolism of the salivary gland. Further studies are necessary to establish physiological ranges of antioxidative/oxidative profiles in cows and to define the usefulness of saliva as biological material in oxidative stress diagnostics.
format	article
author	Arletta Bielecka Monika Jamioł Marta Kankofer
author_facet	Arletta Bielecka Monika Jamioł Marta Kankofer
author_sort	Arletta Bielecka
title	Antioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy
title_short	Antioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy
title_full	Antioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy
title_fullStr	Antioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy
title_full_unstemmed	Antioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy
title_sort	antioxidative and oxidative profiles in plasma and saliva in dairy cows during pregnancy
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7513e03bd474329a94b852b472c3b6a
work_keys_str_mv	AT arlettabielecka antioxidativeandoxidativeprofilesinplasmaandsalivaindairycowsduringpregnancy AT monikajamioł antioxidativeandoxidativeprofilesinplasmaandsalivaindairycowsduringpregnancy AT martakankofer antioxidativeandoxidativeprofilesinplasmaandsalivaindairycowsduringpregnancy
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Antioxidative and Oxidative Profiles in Plasma and Saliva in Dairy Cows during Pregnancy

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