Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses

Vanadium (V) can be beneficial or toxic to plant growth and the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and V stress was rarely investigated at physiological and biochemical levels of plant groups (C3 and C4) and organs (roots and shoots). We tested the potential of AMF to alleviate t...

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Autores principales:	Samy Selim, Walid Abuelsoud, Salam S. Alsharari, Bassam F Alowaiesh, Mohammad M. Al-Sanea, Soad Al Jaouni, Mahmoud M. Y. Madany, Hamada AbdElgawad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	antioxidant biosynthesis mycorrhiza primary metabolism vanadium stress redox status tolerance Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c753bf2d09a541198bad8380d3d6d932
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c753bf2d09a541198bad8380d3d6d9322021-11-25T18:05:41ZImproved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses10.3390/jof71109152309-608Xhttps://doaj.org/article/c753bf2d09a541198bad8380d3d6d9322021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/11/915https://doaj.org/toc/2309-608XVanadium (V) can be beneficial or toxic to plant growth and the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and V stress was rarely investigated at physiological and biochemical levels of plant groups (C3 and C4) and organs (roots and shoots). We tested the potential of AMF to alleviate the negative effects of V (350 mg V/Kg soil) on shoots and roots of rye and sorghum. Relative to sorghum (C4), rye (C3) showed higher levels of V and lower levels of key elements under V stress conditions. V inhibited growth, photosynthesis, and induced photorespiration (increased HDR & GO activities) and oxidative damage in both plants. AMF colonization reduced V stress by differently mitigating the oxidative stress in rye and sorghum. This mitigation was accompanied with increases in acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in plant roots and increased organic acids and polyphenols exudation into the soil, thus reduced V accumulation (29% and 58% in rye and sorghum shoot, respectively) and improved absorption of mineral nutrients including Ca, Mg and P. AMF colonization improved photosynthesis and increased the sugar accumulation and metabolism. Sugars also acted as a supplier of C skeletons for producing of antioxidants metabolite such as ascorbate. At the antioxidant level, rye was more responsive to the mitigating impact of AMF. Higher antioxidants and detoxification defence system (MTC, GST, phenolics, tocopherols and activities of CAT, SOD and POX) was recorded for rye, while sorghum (C4) improved its GR activity. The C3/C4-specificity was supported by principal component analysis. Together, this study provided both fundamental and applied insights into practical strategies to mitigate the phytotoxicity hazards of V in C3 and C4 grasses. Moreover, our results emphasize the importance of AMF as an environment-friendly factor to alleviate stress effects on plants and to improve growth and yield of unstressed plants.Samy SelimWalid AbuelsoudSalam S. AlsharariBassam F AlowaieshMohammad M. Al-SaneaSoad Al JaouniMahmoud M. Y. MadanyHamada AbdElgawadMDPI AGarticleantioxidant biosynthesismycorrhizaprimary metabolismvanadium stressredox statustoleranceBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENJournal of Fungi, Vol 7, Iss 915, p 915 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antioxidant biosynthesis mycorrhiza primary metabolism vanadium stress redox status tolerance Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	antioxidant biosynthesis mycorrhiza primary metabolism vanadium stress redox status tolerance Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Samy Selim Walid Abuelsoud Salam S. Alsharari Bassam F Alowaiesh Mohammad M. Al-Sanea Soad Al Jaouni Mahmoud M. Y. Madany Hamada AbdElgawad Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses
description	Vanadium (V) can be beneficial or toxic to plant growth and the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and V stress was rarely investigated at physiological and biochemical levels of plant groups (C3 and C4) and organs (roots and shoots). We tested the potential of AMF to alleviate the negative effects of V (350 mg V/Kg soil) on shoots and roots of rye and sorghum. Relative to sorghum (C4), rye (C3) showed higher levels of V and lower levels of key elements under V stress conditions. V inhibited growth, photosynthesis, and induced photorespiration (increased HDR & GO activities) and oxidative damage in both plants. AMF colonization reduced V stress by differently mitigating the oxidative stress in rye and sorghum. This mitigation was accompanied with increases in acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in plant roots and increased organic acids and polyphenols exudation into the soil, thus reduced V accumulation (29% and 58% in rye and sorghum shoot, respectively) and improved absorption of mineral nutrients including Ca, Mg and P. AMF colonization improved photosynthesis and increased the sugar accumulation and metabolism. Sugars also acted as a supplier of C skeletons for producing of antioxidants metabolite such as ascorbate. At the antioxidant level, rye was more responsive to the mitigating impact of AMF. Higher antioxidants and detoxification defence system (MTC, GST, phenolics, tocopherols and activities of CAT, SOD and POX) was recorded for rye, while sorghum (C4) improved its GR activity. The C3/C4-specificity was supported by principal component analysis. Together, this study provided both fundamental and applied insights into practical strategies to mitigate the phytotoxicity hazards of V in C3 and C4 grasses. Moreover, our results emphasize the importance of AMF as an environment-friendly factor to alleviate stress effects on plants and to improve growth and yield of unstressed plants.
format	article
author	Samy Selim Walid Abuelsoud Salam S. Alsharari Bassam F Alowaiesh Mohammad M. Al-Sanea Soad Al Jaouni Mahmoud M. Y. Madany Hamada AbdElgawad
author_facet	Samy Selim Walid Abuelsoud Salam S. Alsharari Bassam F Alowaiesh Mohammad M. Al-Sanea Soad Al Jaouni Mahmoud M. Y. Madany Hamada AbdElgawad
author_sort	Samy Selim
title	Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses
title_short	Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses
title_full	Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses
title_fullStr	Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses
title_full_unstemmed	Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses
title_sort	improved mineral acquisition, sugars metabolism and redox status after mycorrhizal inoculation are the basis for tolerance to vanadium stress in c3 and c4 grasses
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c753bf2d09a541198bad8380d3d6d932
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Improved Mineral Acquisition, Sugars Metabolism and Redox Status after Mycorrhizal Inoculation Are the Basis for Tolerance to Vanadium Stress in C3 and C4 Grasses

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