Perinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk

High obesity rates in almost all regions of the world prompt an urgent need for effective obesity prevention. Very good scientific evidence from cell culture and rodent studies show that the availability of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their long-chain polyunsaturated derivatives...

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Autores principales:	Hans Demmelmair, Berthold Koletzko
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	polyunsaturated fatty acid obesity perinatal period arachidonic acid eicosapentaenoic acid docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c75c17014aaa4992a2f44ff2815525c8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c75c17014aaa4992a2f44ff2815525c82021-11-25T18:34:55ZPerinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk10.3390/nu131138822072-6643https://doaj.org/article/c75c17014aaa4992a2f44ff2815525c82021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3882https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643High obesity rates in almost all regions of the world prompt an urgent need for effective obesity prevention. Very good scientific evidence from cell culture and rodent studies show that the availability of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their long-chain polyunsaturated derivatives, namely, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, influence adipogenesis; for this reason, early life status may influence later obesity risk. The respective PUFA effects could be mediated via their eicosanoid derivatives, their influence on cell membrane properties, the browning of white adipose tissue, changes to the offspring gut microbiome, their influence on developing regulatory circuits, and gene expression during critical periods. Randomized clinical trials and observational studies show divergent findings in humans, with mostly null findings but also the positive and negative effects of an increased n-3 to n-6 PUFA ratio on BMI and fat mass development. Hence, animal study findings cannot be directly extrapolated to humans. Even though the mechanistic data basis for the effects of n-3 PUFA on obesity risk appears promising, no recommendations for humans can be derived at present.Hans DemmelmairBerthold KoletzkoMDPI AGarticlepolyunsaturated fatty acidobesityperinatal periodarachidonic acideicosapentaenoic aciddocosahexaenoic acidNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3882, p 3882 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	polyunsaturated fatty acid obesity perinatal period arachidonic acid eicosapentaenoic acid docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	polyunsaturated fatty acid obesity perinatal period arachidonic acid eicosapentaenoic acid docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Hans Demmelmair Berthold Koletzko Perinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk
description	High obesity rates in almost all regions of the world prompt an urgent need for effective obesity prevention. Very good scientific evidence from cell culture and rodent studies show that the availability of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their long-chain polyunsaturated derivatives, namely, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, influence adipogenesis; for this reason, early life status may influence later obesity risk. The respective PUFA effects could be mediated via their eicosanoid derivatives, their influence on cell membrane properties, the browning of white adipose tissue, changes to the offspring gut microbiome, their influence on developing regulatory circuits, and gene expression during critical periods. Randomized clinical trials and observational studies show divergent findings in humans, with mostly null findings but also the positive and negative effects of an increased n-3 to n-6 PUFA ratio on BMI and fat mass development. Hence, animal study findings cannot be directly extrapolated to humans. Even though the mechanistic data basis for the effects of n-3 PUFA on obesity risk appears promising, no recommendations for humans can be derived at present.
format	article
author	Hans Demmelmair Berthold Koletzko
author_facet	Hans Demmelmair Berthold Koletzko
author_sort	Hans Demmelmair
title	Perinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk
title_short	Perinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk
title_full	Perinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk
title_fullStr	Perinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk
title_full_unstemmed	Perinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk
title_sort	perinatal polyunsaturated fatty acid status and obesity risk
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c75c17014aaa4992a2f44ff2815525c8
work_keys_str_mv	AT hansdemmelmair perinatalpolyunsaturatedfattyacidstatusandobesityrisk AT bertholdkoletzko perinatalpolyunsaturatedfattyacidstatusandobesityrisk
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Perinatal Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Obesity Risk

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