Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes

Blood-feeding mosquitoes locate humans spatially by detecting a combination of human-derived chemical signals, including carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and other volatile organic compounds. Mosquitoes use these signals to differentiate humans from other animals. Spatial abiotic factors (e.g. humidity,...

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Autores principales:	Joel Henrique Ellwanger, Jáder da Cruz Cardoso, José Artur Bogo Chies
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Culicidae Genetics Human attractiveness Microbiota Mosquito Mosquito bites Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7792f7a7f6c484db657fb557a55b9b4
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:c7792f7a7f6c484db657fb557a55b9b4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7792f7a7f6c484db657fb557a55b9b42021-11-18T04:53:48ZVariability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes2667-114X10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100058https://doaj.org/article/c7792f7a7f6c484db657fb557a55b9b42021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X21000522https://doaj.org/toc/2667-114XBlood-feeding mosquitoes locate humans spatially by detecting a combination of human-derived chemical signals, including carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and other volatile organic compounds. Mosquitoes use these signals to differentiate humans from other animals. Spatial abiotic factors (e.g. humidity, heat) are also used by mosquitoes to find a host. Mosquitoes cause discomfort and harm to humans, being vectors of many pathogens. However, not all humans suffer from mosquito bites with the same frequency or intensity. Some individuals are more attractive to mosquitoes than others, and this has an important impact on the risk of infection by pathogens transmitted by these vectors, such as arboviruses and malaria parasites. Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes is partially due to individual characteristics in the composition and intensity in the release of mosquito attractants. The factors that determine these particularities are diverse, modestly understood and still quite controversial. Thus, this review discusses the role of pregnancy, infection with malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.), skin microbiota, diet, and genetics in human attractiveness to mosquitoes. In brief, pregnancy and Plasmodium infection increase the host attractiveness to mosquitoes. Skin microbiota and human genetics (especially HLA alleles) modulate the production of mosquito attractants and therefore influence individual susceptibility to these insects. There is evidence pointing to a role of diet on human susceptibility to mosquitoes, with some dietary components having a bigger influence than others. In the last part of the review, other factors affecting human-mosquito interactions are debated, with a special focus on the role of mosquito genetics, pathogens and environmental factors (e.g. wind, environmental disturbances). This work highlights that individual susceptibility to mosquitoes is composed of interactions of different human-associated components, environmental factors, and mosquito characteristics. Understanding the importance of these factors, and how they interact with each other, is essential for the development of better mosquito control strategies and studies focused on infectious disease dynamics.Joel Henrique EllwangerJáder da Cruz CardosoJosé Artur Bogo ChiesElsevierarticleCulicidaeGeneticsHuman attractivenessMicrobiotaMosquitoMosquito bitesInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENCurrent Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases, Vol 1, Iss , Pp 100058- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Culicidae Genetics Human attractiveness Microbiota Mosquito Mosquito bites Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Culicidae Genetics Human attractiveness Microbiota Mosquito Mosquito bites Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Joel Henrique Ellwanger Jáder da Cruz Cardoso José Artur Bogo Chies Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes
description	Blood-feeding mosquitoes locate humans spatially by detecting a combination of human-derived chemical signals, including carbon dioxide, lactic acid, and other volatile organic compounds. Mosquitoes use these signals to differentiate humans from other animals. Spatial abiotic factors (e.g. humidity, heat) are also used by mosquitoes to find a host. Mosquitoes cause discomfort and harm to humans, being vectors of many pathogens. However, not all humans suffer from mosquito bites with the same frequency or intensity. Some individuals are more attractive to mosquitoes than others, and this has an important impact on the risk of infection by pathogens transmitted by these vectors, such as arboviruses and malaria parasites. Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes is partially due to individual characteristics in the composition and intensity in the release of mosquito attractants. The factors that determine these particularities are diverse, modestly understood and still quite controversial. Thus, this review discusses the role of pregnancy, infection with malaria parasites (Plasmodium spp.), skin microbiota, diet, and genetics in human attractiveness to mosquitoes. In brief, pregnancy and Plasmodium infection increase the host attractiveness to mosquitoes. Skin microbiota and human genetics (especially HLA alleles) modulate the production of mosquito attractants and therefore influence individual susceptibility to these insects. There is evidence pointing to a role of diet on human susceptibility to mosquitoes, with some dietary components having a bigger influence than others. In the last part of the review, other factors affecting human-mosquito interactions are debated, with a special focus on the role of mosquito genetics, pathogens and environmental factors (e.g. wind, environmental disturbances). This work highlights that individual susceptibility to mosquitoes is composed of interactions of different human-associated components, environmental factors, and mosquito characteristics. Understanding the importance of these factors, and how they interact with each other, is essential for the development of better mosquito control strategies and studies focused on infectious disease dynamics.
format	article
author	Joel Henrique Ellwanger Jáder da Cruz Cardoso José Artur Bogo Chies
author_facet	Joel Henrique Ellwanger Jáder da Cruz Cardoso José Artur Bogo Chies
author_sort	Joel Henrique Ellwanger
title	Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes
title_short	Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes
title_full	Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes
title_fullStr	Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes
title_full_unstemmed	Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes
title_sort	variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7792f7a7f6c484db657fb557a55b9b4
work_keys_str_mv	AT joelhenriqueellwanger variabilityinhumanattractivenesstomosquitoes AT jaderdacruzcardoso variabilityinhumanattractivenesstomosquitoes AT josearturbogochies variabilityinhumanattractivenesstomosquitoes
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Variability in human attractiveness to mosquitoes

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