The functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.

<h4>Aim</h4>Despite numerous studies addressing the issue, it remains unclear whether the triceps surae muscle group generates forward propulsive force during gait, commonly identified as 'push-off'. In order to challenge the push-off postulate, one must probe the effect of var...

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Autores principales:	Jean-Louis Honeine, Marco Schieppati, Olivier Gagey, Manh-Cuong Do
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c783517819334c45920b72c572e63b26
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c783517819334c45920b72c572e63b262021-11-18T08:01:19ZThe functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0052943https://doaj.org/article/c783517819334c45920b72c572e63b262013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23341916/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Aim</h4>Despite numerous studies addressing the issue, it remains unclear whether the triceps surae muscle group generates forward propulsive force during gait, commonly identified as 'push-off'. In order to challenge the push-off postulate, one must probe the effect of varying the propulsive force while annulling the effect of the progression velocity. This can be obtained by adding a load to the subject while maintaining the same progression velocity.<h4>Methods</h4>Ten healthy subjects initiated gait in both unloaded and loaded conditions (about 30% of body weight attached at abdominal level), for two walking velocities, spontaneous and fast. Ground reaction force and EMG activity of soleus and gastrocnemius medialis and lateralis muscles of the stance leg were recorded. Centre of mass velocity and position, centre of pressure position, and disequilibrium torque were calculated.<h4>Results</h4>At spontaneous velocity, adding the load increased disequilibrium torque and propulsive force. However, load had no effect on the vertical braking force or amplitude of triceps activity. At fast progression velocity, disequilibrium torque, vertical braking force and triceps EMG increased with respect to spontaneous velocity. Still, adding the load did not further increase braking force or EMG.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Triceps surae is not responsible for the generation of propulsive force but is merely supporting the body during walking and restraining it from falling. By controlling the disequilibrium torque, however, triceps can affect the propulsive force through the exchange of potential into kinetic energy.Jean-Louis HoneineMarco SchieppatiOlivier GageyManh-Cuong DoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 1, p e52943 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jean-Louis Honeine Marco Schieppati Olivier Gagey Manh-Cuong Do The functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.
description	<h4>Aim</h4>Despite numerous studies addressing the issue, it remains unclear whether the triceps surae muscle group generates forward propulsive force during gait, commonly identified as 'push-off'. In order to challenge the push-off postulate, one must probe the effect of varying the propulsive force while annulling the effect of the progression velocity. This can be obtained by adding a load to the subject while maintaining the same progression velocity.<h4>Methods</h4>Ten healthy subjects initiated gait in both unloaded and loaded conditions (about 30% of body weight attached at abdominal level), for two walking velocities, spontaneous and fast. Ground reaction force and EMG activity of soleus and gastrocnemius medialis and lateralis muscles of the stance leg were recorded. Centre of mass velocity and position, centre of pressure position, and disequilibrium torque were calculated.<h4>Results</h4>At spontaneous velocity, adding the load increased disequilibrium torque and propulsive force. However, load had no effect on the vertical braking force or amplitude of triceps activity. At fast progression velocity, disequilibrium torque, vertical braking force and triceps EMG increased with respect to spontaneous velocity. Still, adding the load did not further increase braking force or EMG.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Triceps surae is not responsible for the generation of propulsive force but is merely supporting the body during walking and restraining it from falling. By controlling the disequilibrium torque, however, triceps can affect the propulsive force through the exchange of potential into kinetic energy.
format	article
author	Jean-Louis Honeine Marco Schieppati Olivier Gagey Manh-Cuong Do
author_facet	Jean-Louis Honeine Marco Schieppati Olivier Gagey Manh-Cuong Do
author_sort	Jean-Louis Honeine
title	The functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.
title_short	The functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.
title_full	The functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.
title_fullStr	The functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.
title_full_unstemmed	The functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.
title_sort	functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/c783517819334c45920b72c572e63b26
work_keys_str_mv	AT jeanlouishoneine thefunctionalroleofthetricepssuraemuscleduringhumanlocomotion AT marcoschieppati thefunctionalroleofthetricepssuraemuscleduringhumanlocomotion AT oliviergagey thefunctionalroleofthetricepssuraemuscleduringhumanlocomotion AT manhcuongdo thefunctionalroleofthetricepssuraemuscleduringhumanlocomotion AT jeanlouishoneine functionalroleofthetricepssuraemuscleduringhumanlocomotion AT marcoschieppati functionalroleofthetricepssuraemuscleduringhumanlocomotion AT oliviergagey functionalroleofthetricepssuraemuscleduringhumanlocomotion AT manhcuongdo functionalroleofthetricepssuraemuscleduringhumanlocomotion
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The functional role of the triceps surae muscle during human locomotion.

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