Cross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe

<i>Cryptosporidium</i> is an apicomplexan parasitic protist, which infects a wide range of hosts, causing cryptosporidiosis disease. In farms, the incidence of this disease is high in animals such as cows, leading to extensive economic loss in the livestock industry. Infected cows may al...

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Autores principales:	Pedro Pinto, Cláudia A. Ribeiro, Sumaiya Hoque, Ourida Hammouma, Hélène Leruste, Sébastien Détriché, Evi Canniere, Yvonne Daandels, Martine Dellevoet, Janine Roemen, Anne Barbier Bourgeois, Martin Kváč, Jérôme Follet, Anastasios D. Tsaousis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>18S</i> rRNA <i>Cryptosporidium</i> dairy cattle <i>gp60</i> genotyping prevalence Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7b02ad7c6bd4d8daf9195b27ee53059
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7b02ad7c6bd4d8daf9195b27ee530592021-11-25T18:25:39ZCross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe10.3390/microorganisms91123942076-2607https://doaj.org/article/c7b02ad7c6bd4d8daf9195b27ee530592021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2394https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607<i>Cryptosporidium</i> is an apicomplexan parasitic protist, which infects a wide range of hosts, causing cryptosporidiosis disease. In farms, the incidence of this disease is high in animals such as cows, leading to extensive economic loss in the livestock industry. Infected cows may also act as a major reservoir of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., in particular <i>C. parvum</i>, the most common cause of cryptosporidiosis in these animals. This poses a risk to the trading of livestock, to other farms via breeding centres, and to human health. This study is a part of a global project aimed at strategies to tackle cryptosporidiosis. To reach this target, it was essential to determine whether prevalence was dependent on the studied countries or if the issue was borderless. Indeed, <i>C. parvum</i> occurrence was assessed across dairy farms in certain regions of Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. At the same time, the animal-to-animal transmission of the circulating <i>C. parvum</i> subtypes was studied. To accomplish this, we analysed 1084 faecal samples, corresponding to 57 dairy farms from all three countries. To this end, <i>18S</i> rRNA and <i>gp60</i> genes fragments were amplified, followed by DNA sequencing, which was subsequently used for detection and subtyping <i>C. parvum</i>. Bioinformatic and phylogenetic methods were integrated to analyse and characterise the obtained DNA sequences. Our results show 25.7%, 24.9% and 20.8% prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Belgium, France, and the Netherlands respectively. Overall, 93% of the farms were <i>Cryptosporidium</i> positive. The <i>gp60</i> subtyping demonstrated a significant number of the <i>C. parvum</i> positives belonged to the IIa allelic family, which has been also identified in humans. Therefore, this study highlights how prevalent <i>C. parvum</i> is in dairy farms and further suggests cattle as a possible carrier of zoonotic <i>C. parvum</i> subtypes, which could pose a threat to human health.Pedro PintoCláudia A. RibeiroSumaiya HoqueOurida HammoumaHélène LerusteSébastien DétrichéEvi CanniereYvonne DaandelsMartine DellevoetJanine RoemenAnne Barbier BourgeoisMartin KváčJérôme FolletAnastasios D. TsaousisMDPI AGarticle<i>18S</i> rRNA<i>Cryptosporidium</i>dairy cattle<i>gp60</i>genotypingprevalenceBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2394, p 2394 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>18S</i> rRNA <i>Cryptosporidium</i> dairy cattle <i>gp60</i> genotyping prevalence Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	<i>18S</i> rRNA <i>Cryptosporidium</i> dairy cattle <i>gp60</i> genotyping prevalence Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Pedro Pinto Cláudia A. Ribeiro Sumaiya Hoque Ourida Hammouma Hélène Leruste Sébastien Détriché Evi Canniere Yvonne Daandels Martine Dellevoet Janine Roemen Anne Barbier Bourgeois Martin Kváč Jérôme Follet Anastasios D. Tsaousis Cross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe
description	<i>Cryptosporidium</i> is an apicomplexan parasitic protist, which infects a wide range of hosts, causing cryptosporidiosis disease. In farms, the incidence of this disease is high in animals such as cows, leading to extensive economic loss in the livestock industry. Infected cows may also act as a major reservoir of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., in particular <i>C. parvum</i>, the most common cause of cryptosporidiosis in these animals. This poses a risk to the trading of livestock, to other farms via breeding centres, and to human health. This study is a part of a global project aimed at strategies to tackle cryptosporidiosis. To reach this target, it was essential to determine whether prevalence was dependent on the studied countries or if the issue was borderless. Indeed, <i>C. parvum</i> occurrence was assessed across dairy farms in certain regions of Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. At the same time, the animal-to-animal transmission of the circulating <i>C. parvum</i> subtypes was studied. To accomplish this, we analysed 1084 faecal samples, corresponding to 57 dairy farms from all three countries. To this end, <i>18S</i> rRNA and <i>gp60</i> genes fragments were amplified, followed by DNA sequencing, which was subsequently used for detection and subtyping <i>C. parvum</i>. Bioinformatic and phylogenetic methods were integrated to analyse and characterise the obtained DNA sequences. Our results show 25.7%, 24.9% and 20.8% prevalence of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. in Belgium, France, and the Netherlands respectively. Overall, 93% of the farms were <i>Cryptosporidium</i> positive. The <i>gp60</i> subtyping demonstrated a significant number of the <i>C. parvum</i> positives belonged to the IIa allelic family, which has been also identified in humans. Therefore, this study highlights how prevalent <i>C. parvum</i> is in dairy farms and further suggests cattle as a possible carrier of zoonotic <i>C. parvum</i> subtypes, which could pose a threat to human health.
format	article
author	Pedro Pinto Cláudia A. Ribeiro Sumaiya Hoque Ourida Hammouma Hélène Leruste Sébastien Détriché Evi Canniere Yvonne Daandels Martine Dellevoet Janine Roemen Anne Barbier Bourgeois Martin Kváč Jérôme Follet Anastasios D. Tsaousis
author_facet	Pedro Pinto Cláudia A. Ribeiro Sumaiya Hoque Ourida Hammouma Hélène Leruste Sébastien Détriché Evi Canniere Yvonne Daandels Martine Dellevoet Janine Roemen Anne Barbier Bourgeois Martin Kváč Jérôme Follet Anastasios D. Tsaousis
author_sort	Pedro Pinto
title	Cross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe
title_short	Cross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe
title_full	Cross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe
title_fullStr	Cross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe
title_full_unstemmed	Cross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe
title_sort	cross-border investigations on the prevalence and transmission dynamics of <i>cryptosporidium</i> species in dairy cattle farms in western mainland europe
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7b02ad7c6bd4d8daf9195b27ee53059
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Cross-Border Investigations on the Prevalence and Transmission Dynamics of <i>Cryptosporidium</i> Species in Dairy Cattle Farms in Western Mainland Europe

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