Effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens

Two experiments were conducted to compare effects of heat stress and its combination with low dietary energy on blood indices, liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in three Tanzanian local chicken ecotypes. In experiment one, five weeks old Kuchi (K), Ching'wekwe (C) and Morogoro medium (M) we...

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Autores principales:	Paul Khondowe, Benezeth Mutayoba, Amandus Muhairwa, Elliot Phiri
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Corticosterone Ecotype Poultry Stress Temperature Tolerance Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7ba305ca9ba4b3fa3b43ea577ceb498
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7ba305ca9ba4b3fa3b43ea577ceb4982021-11-26T04:36:36ZEffects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens2451-943X10.1016/j.vas.2021.100221https://doaj.org/article/c7ba305ca9ba4b3fa3b43ea577ceb4982021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X21000569https://doaj.org/toc/2451-943XTwo experiments were conducted to compare effects of heat stress and its combination with low dietary energy on blood indices, liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in three Tanzanian local chicken ecotypes. In experiment one, five weeks old Kuchi (K), Ching'wekwe (C) and Morogoro medium (M) were randomly allocated to separate pens in a 3 × 2 factorial design in two adjacent rooms with controlled temperature. The study had three replicates consisting of 39 chickens per room, 13 per ecotype per pen making a total of 234 chickens. In one room, temperature was maintained at 26.5 ± 0.5 °C while in another it was maintained at 32±1 °C for 7 days and thereafter 37±1 °C for 10 days. A similar design was used in experiment two except that chickens were fed 55% less energy. In experiment one, serum corticosterone levels increased (p<0.05) in C and K. Gene expressions for hsp70 and iNOS were unchanged though hsp70 levels for K were higher (p<0.05). In experiment two, corticosterone levels were significantly elevated (p<0.05) in all ecotypes. Heterophil/lymphocyte ratios were markedly increased and changes in Hb and Hct at higher temperatures showed ecotype differences. Serum triglycerides were significantly reduced in all ecotypes. Hsp70 and iNOS levels were up-regulated in all ecotypes with levels in K higher (p<0.05) than in M. In both experiments, there were marked reductions in serum total protein. These results suggest that ecotype-based differences exist in local chickens’ responses to heat stress and its combination with low energy diets. M and C demonstrated better tolerance than K when only heat stress was applied but a synergistic effect of heat stress and low dietary energy suggested M is more tolerant.Paul KhondoweBenezeth MutayobaAmandus MuhairwaElliot PhiriElsevierarticleCorticosteroneEcotypePoultryStressTemperatureToleranceVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary and Animal Science, Vol 14, Iss , Pp 100221- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Corticosterone Ecotype Poultry Stress Temperature Tolerance Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	Corticosterone Ecotype Poultry Stress Temperature Tolerance Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Paul Khondowe Benezeth Mutayoba Amandus Muhairwa Elliot Phiri Effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens
description	Two experiments were conducted to compare effects of heat stress and its combination with low dietary energy on blood indices, liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in three Tanzanian local chicken ecotypes. In experiment one, five weeks old Kuchi (K), Ching'wekwe (C) and Morogoro medium (M) were randomly allocated to separate pens in a 3 × 2 factorial design in two adjacent rooms with controlled temperature. The study had three replicates consisting of 39 chickens per room, 13 per ecotype per pen making a total of 234 chickens. In one room, temperature was maintained at 26.5 ± 0.5 °C while in another it was maintained at 32±1 °C for 7 days and thereafter 37±1 °C for 10 days. A similar design was used in experiment two except that chickens were fed 55% less energy. In experiment one, serum corticosterone levels increased (p<0.05) in C and K. Gene expressions for hsp70 and iNOS were unchanged though hsp70 levels for K were higher (p<0.05). In experiment two, corticosterone levels were significantly elevated (p<0.05) in all ecotypes. Heterophil/lymphocyte ratios were markedly increased and changes in Hb and Hct at higher temperatures showed ecotype differences. Serum triglycerides were significantly reduced in all ecotypes. Hsp70 and iNOS levels were up-regulated in all ecotypes with levels in K higher (p<0.05) than in M. In both experiments, there were marked reductions in serum total protein. These results suggest that ecotype-based differences exist in local chickens’ responses to heat stress and its combination with low energy diets. M and C demonstrated better tolerance than K when only heat stress was applied but a synergistic effect of heat stress and low dietary energy suggested M is more tolerant.
format	article
author	Paul Khondowe Benezeth Mutayoba Amandus Muhairwa Elliot Phiri
author_facet	Paul Khondowe Benezeth Mutayoba Amandus Muhairwa Elliot Phiri
author_sort	Paul Khondowe
title	Effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens
title_short	Effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens
title_full	Effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens
title_fullStr	Effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens
title_sort	effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and inos gene expressions in local chickens
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7ba305ca9ba4b3fa3b43ea577ceb498
work_keys_str_mv	AT paulkhondowe effectsofheatstressandalowenergydietonbloodparametersandliverhsp70andinosgeneexpressionsinlocalchickens AT benezethmutayoba effectsofheatstressandalowenergydietonbloodparametersandliverhsp70andinosgeneexpressionsinlocalchickens AT amandusmuhairwa effectsofheatstressandalowenergydietonbloodparametersandliverhsp70andinosgeneexpressionsinlocalchickens AT elliotphiri effectsofheatstressandalowenergydietonbloodparametersandliverhsp70andinosgeneexpressionsinlocalchickens
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Effects of heat stress and a low energy diet on blood parameters and liver hsp70 and iNOS gene expressions in local chickens

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