Spring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium

Spring water geochemistry is applied here to evaluate the geothermal potential in Rhenohercynian fold and thrust belt around the deepest borehole in Belgium (Havelange borehole: 5648 m MD). Fifty springs and (few) wells around Havelange borehole were chosen according to a multicriteria approach incl...

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Autores principales:	Marina Cabidoche, Yves Vanbrabant, Serge Brouyère, Vinciane Stenmans, Bruno Meyvis, Thomas Goovaerts, Estelle Petitclerc, Christian Burlet
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	blind geothermal system compositional anomalies hierarchical clustering self-organizing maps unconventional reservoirs Geology QE1-996.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7bc5f19651444e393d60ed0c98d25e6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7bc5f19651444e393d60ed0c98d25e62021-11-25T17:42:41ZSpring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium10.3390/geosciences111104372076-3263https://doaj.org/article/c7bc5f19651444e393d60ed0c98d25e62021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3263/11/11/437https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3263Spring water geochemistry is applied here to evaluate the geothermal potential in Rhenohercynian fold and thrust belt around the deepest borehole in Belgium (Havelange borehole: 5648 m MD). Fifty springs and (few) wells around Havelange borehole were chosen according to a multicriteria approach including the hydrothermal source of “Chaudfontaine” (T ≈ 36 °C) taken as a reference for the area. The waters sampled, except Chaudfontaine present an in-situ T range of 3.66–14.04 °C (mean 9.83 °C) and a TDS (dry residue) salinity range of 46–498 mg/L. The processing methods applied to the results are: hierarchical clustering, Piper and Stiff diagrams, TIS, heat map, boxplots, and geothermometry. Seven clusters are found and allow us to define three main water types. The first type, locally called “pouhon”, is rich in Fe and Mn. The second type contains an interesting concentration of the geothermal indicators: Li, Sr, Rb. Chaudfontaine and Moressée (≈5 km East from the borehole) belong to this group. This last locality is identified as a geothermal target for further investigations. The third group represents superficial waters with frequently high NO<sub>3</sub> concentration. The application of conventional geothermometers in this context indicates very different reservoir temperatures. The field of applications of these geothermometers need to be review in these geological conditions.Marina CabidocheYves VanbrabantSerge BrouyèreVinciane StenmansBruno MeyvisThomas GoovaertsEstelle PetitclercChristian BurletMDPI AGarticleblind geothermal systemcompositional anomalieshierarchical clusteringself-organizing mapsunconventional reservoirsGeologyQE1-996.5ENGeosciences, Vol 11, Iss 437, p 437 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	blind geothermal system compositional anomalies hierarchical clustering self-organizing maps unconventional reservoirs Geology QE1-996.5
spellingShingle	blind geothermal system compositional anomalies hierarchical clustering self-organizing maps unconventional reservoirs Geology QE1-996.5 Marina Cabidoche Yves Vanbrabant Serge Brouyère Vinciane Stenmans Bruno Meyvis Thomas Goovaerts Estelle Petitclerc Christian Burlet Spring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium
description	Spring water geochemistry is applied here to evaluate the geothermal potential in Rhenohercynian fold and thrust belt around the deepest borehole in Belgium (Havelange borehole: 5648 m MD). Fifty springs and (few) wells around Havelange borehole were chosen according to a multicriteria approach including the hydrothermal source of “Chaudfontaine” (T ≈ 36 °C) taken as a reference for the area. The waters sampled, except Chaudfontaine present an in-situ T range of 3.66–14.04 °C (mean 9.83 °C) and a TDS (dry residue) salinity range of 46–498 mg/L. The processing methods applied to the results are: hierarchical clustering, Piper and Stiff diagrams, TIS, heat map, boxplots, and geothermometry. Seven clusters are found and allow us to define three main water types. The first type, locally called “pouhon”, is rich in Fe and Mn. The second type contains an interesting concentration of the geothermal indicators: Li, Sr, Rb. Chaudfontaine and Moressée (≈5 km East from the borehole) belong to this group. This last locality is identified as a geothermal target for further investigations. The third group represents superficial waters with frequently high NO<sub>3</sub> concentration. The application of conventional geothermometers in this context indicates very different reservoir temperatures. The field of applications of these geothermometers need to be review in these geological conditions.
format	article
author	Marina Cabidoche Yves Vanbrabant Serge Brouyère Vinciane Stenmans Bruno Meyvis Thomas Goovaerts Estelle Petitclerc Christian Burlet
author_facet	Marina Cabidoche Yves Vanbrabant Serge Brouyère Vinciane Stenmans Bruno Meyvis Thomas Goovaerts Estelle Petitclerc Christian Burlet
author_sort	Marina Cabidoche
title	Spring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium
title_short	Spring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium
title_full	Spring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium
title_fullStr	Spring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium
title_full_unstemmed	Spring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium
title_sort	spring water geochemistry: a geothermal exploration tool in the rhenohercynian fold-and-thrust belt in belgium
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7bc5f19651444e393d60ed0c98d25e6
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Spring Water Geochemistry: A Geothermal Exploration Tool in the Rhenohercynian Fold-and-Thrust Belt in Belgium

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