Plasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity

Background: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide public health problem that has been known in China since December 25, 2019. Phospholipids are structural components of the mammalian cytoskeleton and cell membranes. They suppress viral attachment to the plasma membrane and subsequent rep...

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Autores principales:	Mohammed Abdalla Hussein, Noor Eldin Mohamed Ismail, Ahmed H Mohamed, Rita M Borik, Ali Abdelaziz Ali, Yasser O Mosaad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SAGE Publishing 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7ce307ab56a4e20b95790f130e3fe72
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7ce307ab56a4e20b95790f130e3fe722021-11-19T23:03:39ZPlasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity1177-932210.1177/11779322211055891https://doaj.org/article/c7ce307ab56a4e20b95790f130e3fe722021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1177/11779322211055891https://doaj.org/toc/1177-9322Background: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide public health problem that has been known in China since December 25, 2019. Phospholipids are structural components of the mammalian cytoskeleton and cell membranes. They suppress viral attachment to the plasma membrane and subsequent replication in lung cells. In the virus-infected lung, phospholipids are highly prone to oxidation by reactive oxygen species, leading to the production of oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs). Objective: This study was carried out to explain the correlation between the level of plasma phospholipids in patients with COVID-19 infection and the levels of cytokine storms to assess the severity of the disease. Methods: Plasma samples from 34 enrolled patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 infection were collected. Complete blood count (CBC), plasma levels of D-dimer, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), phospholipids, secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2)α2, and cytokine storms were estimated, and lung computed tomography (CT) imaging was detected. Results: The CBC picture showed the presence of leukopenia, lymphopenia, and eosinopenia in patients with COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, a significant increase was found in plasma levels of D-dimer, CRP, ferritin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-13 as well as sPLA2α2 activity compared to normal persons. However, plasma levels of phospholipids decreased in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 infection, as well as significantly decreased in levels of triacylglycerols and HDL-C in plasma from patients with severe infection only, compared to normal persons. Furthermore, a lung CT scan showed the presence of inflammation in a patient with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: This study shows that there is a correlation between plasma phospholipid depletion and elevated cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19 infection. Depletion of plasma phospholipid levels in patients with COVID-19 infection is due to oxidative stress, induction of cytokine storm, and systemic inflammatory response after endothelial cell damage promote coagulation. According to current knowledge, patients with COVID-19 infection may need to administer surfactant replacement therapy and sPLA2 inhibitors to treat respiratory distress syndrome, which helps them to maintain the interconnected surfactant structures.Mohammed Abdalla HusseinNoor Eldin Mohamed IsmailAhmed H MohamedRita M BorikAli Abdelaziz AliYasser O MosaadSAGE PublishingarticleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBioinformatics and Biology Insights, Vol 15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Mohammed Abdalla Hussein Noor Eldin Mohamed Ismail Ahmed H Mohamed Rita M Borik Ali Abdelaziz Ali Yasser O Mosaad Plasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity
description	Background: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide public health problem that has been known in China since December 25, 2019. Phospholipids are structural components of the mammalian cytoskeleton and cell membranes. They suppress viral attachment to the plasma membrane and subsequent replication in lung cells. In the virus-infected lung, phospholipids are highly prone to oxidation by reactive oxygen species, leading to the production of oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs). Objective: This study was carried out to explain the correlation between the level of plasma phospholipids in patients with COVID-19 infection and the levels of cytokine storms to assess the severity of the disease. Methods: Plasma samples from 34 enrolled patients with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 infection were collected. Complete blood count (CBC), plasma levels of D-dimer, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), phospholipids, secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2)α2, and cytokine storms were estimated, and lung computed tomography (CT) imaging was detected. Results: The CBC picture showed the presence of leukopenia, lymphopenia, and eosinopenia in patients with COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, a significant increase was found in plasma levels of D-dimer, CRP, ferritin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-13 as well as sPLA2α2 activity compared to normal persons. However, plasma levels of phospholipids decreased in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 infection, as well as significantly decreased in levels of triacylglycerols and HDL-C in plasma from patients with severe infection only, compared to normal persons. Furthermore, a lung CT scan showed the presence of inflammation in a patient with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: This study shows that there is a correlation between plasma phospholipid depletion and elevated cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19 infection. Depletion of plasma phospholipid levels in patients with COVID-19 infection is due to oxidative stress, induction of cytokine storm, and systemic inflammatory response after endothelial cell damage promote coagulation. According to current knowledge, patients with COVID-19 infection may need to administer surfactant replacement therapy and sPLA2 inhibitors to treat respiratory distress syndrome, which helps them to maintain the interconnected surfactant structures.
format	article
author	Mohammed Abdalla Hussein Noor Eldin Mohamed Ismail Ahmed H Mohamed Rita M Borik Ali Abdelaziz Ali Yasser O Mosaad
author_facet	Mohammed Abdalla Hussein Noor Eldin Mohamed Ismail Ahmed H Mohamed Rita M Borik Ali Abdelaziz Ali Yasser O Mosaad
author_sort	Mohammed Abdalla Hussein
title	Plasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity
title_short	Plasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity
title_full	Plasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity
title_fullStr	Plasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity
title_full_unstemmed	Plasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity
title_sort	plasma phospholipids: a promising simple biochemical parameter to evaluate covid-19 infection severity
publisher	SAGE Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7ce307ab56a4e20b95790f130e3fe72
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Plasma Phospholipids: A Promising Simple Biochemical Parameter to Evaluate COVID-19 Infection Severity

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