Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity

Most focal seizures originate in the temporal lobe and are commonly divided into mesial and lateral temporal epilepsy, depending upon the neuronal circuitry involved. The hallmark features of the mesial temporal epilepsy are aura, unconsciousness, and automatisms. Symptoms often overlap with the lat...

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Autores principales:	Valerio Vinti, Giovanni Battista Dell'Isola, Giorgia Tascini, Elisabetta Mencaroni, Giuseppe Di Cara, Pasquale Striano, Alberto Verrotti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	temporal lobe epilepsy psychiatric comorbidity bi-directional hypothesis hippocampal sclerosis antiseizure medications (ASMs) Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7ea0b61f7e34f2e83ca7b33828573e8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7ea0b61f7e34f2e83ca7b33828573e82021-12-01T18:38:13ZTemporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity1664-229510.3389/fneur.2021.775781https://doaj.org/article/c7ea0b61f7e34f2e83ca7b33828573e82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.775781/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-2295Most focal seizures originate in the temporal lobe and are commonly divided into mesial and lateral temporal epilepsy, depending upon the neuronal circuitry involved. The hallmark features of the mesial temporal epilepsy are aura, unconsciousness, and automatisms. Symptoms often overlap with the lateral temporal epilepsy. However, the latter present a less evident psychomotor arrest, frequent clones and dystonic postures, and common focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures. Sclerosis of the hippocampus is the most frequent cause of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). TLE is among all epilepsies the most frequently associated with psychiatric comorbidity. Anxiety, depression, and interictal dysphoria are recurrent psychiatric disorders in pediatric patients with TLE. In addition, these alterations are often combined with cognitive, learning, and behavioral impairment. These comorbidities occur more frequently in TLE with hippocampal sclerosis and with pharmacoresistance. According to the bidirectional hypothesis, the close relationship between TLE and psychiatric features should lead to considering common pathophysiology underlying these disorders. Psychiatric comorbidities considerably reduce the quality of life of these children and their families. Thus, early detection and appropriate management and therapeutic strategies could improve the prognosis of these patients. The aim of this review is to analyze TLE correlation with psychiatric disorders and its underlying conditions.Valerio VintiGiovanni Battista Dell'IsolaGiorgia TasciniElisabetta MencaroniGiuseppe Di CaraPasquale StrianoPasquale StrianoAlberto VerrottiFrontiers Media S.A.articletemporal lobe epilepsypsychiatric comorbiditybi-directional hypothesishippocampal sclerosisantiseizure medications (ASMs)Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENFrontiers in Neurology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	temporal lobe epilepsy psychiatric comorbidity bi-directional hypothesis hippocampal sclerosis antiseizure medications (ASMs) Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	temporal lobe epilepsy psychiatric comorbidity bi-directional hypothesis hippocampal sclerosis antiseizure medications (ASMs) Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Valerio Vinti Giovanni Battista Dell'Isola Giorgia Tascini Elisabetta Mencaroni Giuseppe Di Cara Pasquale Striano Pasquale Striano Alberto Verrotti Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity
description	Most focal seizures originate in the temporal lobe and are commonly divided into mesial and lateral temporal epilepsy, depending upon the neuronal circuitry involved. The hallmark features of the mesial temporal epilepsy are aura, unconsciousness, and automatisms. Symptoms often overlap with the lateral temporal epilepsy. However, the latter present a less evident psychomotor arrest, frequent clones and dystonic postures, and common focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures. Sclerosis of the hippocampus is the most frequent cause of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). TLE is among all epilepsies the most frequently associated with psychiatric comorbidity. Anxiety, depression, and interictal dysphoria are recurrent psychiatric disorders in pediatric patients with TLE. In addition, these alterations are often combined with cognitive, learning, and behavioral impairment. These comorbidities occur more frequently in TLE with hippocampal sclerosis and with pharmacoresistance. According to the bidirectional hypothesis, the close relationship between TLE and psychiatric features should lead to considering common pathophysiology underlying these disorders. Psychiatric comorbidities considerably reduce the quality of life of these children and their families. Thus, early detection and appropriate management and therapeutic strategies could improve the prognosis of these patients. The aim of this review is to analyze TLE correlation with psychiatric disorders and its underlying conditions.
format	article
author	Valerio Vinti Giovanni Battista Dell'Isola Giorgia Tascini Elisabetta Mencaroni Giuseppe Di Cara Pasquale Striano Pasquale Striano Alberto Verrotti
author_facet	Valerio Vinti Giovanni Battista Dell'Isola Giorgia Tascini Elisabetta Mencaroni Giuseppe Di Cara Pasquale Striano Pasquale Striano Alberto Verrotti
author_sort	Valerio Vinti
title	Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity
title_short	Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity
title_full	Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity
title_fullStr	Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity
title_full_unstemmed	Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity
title_sort	temporal lobe epilepsy and psychiatric comorbidity
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7ea0b61f7e34f2e83ca7b33828573e8
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Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Psychiatric Comorbidity

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