Multiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?

Ferdinand W Nangole,1 Kelsey Ouyang,2 Omu Anzala,3 Julius Ogengo,4 George W Agak2 1Department of Surgery, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; 2Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA; 3Institute of Aids Vaccine Initiative, University of Nairo...

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Autores principales:	Nangole FW, Ouyang K, Anzala O, Ogengo J, Agak GW
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	cytokines auto-inflammatory disease Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7f3c16197dc4480a47fa83964bb15da
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7f3c16197dc4480a47fa83964bb15da2021-12-02T18:05:42ZMultiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?1178-7031https://doaj.org/article/c7f3c16197dc4480a47fa83964bb15da2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/multiple-cytokines-elevated-in-patients-with-keloids-is-it-an-indicati-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JIRhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7031Ferdinand W Nangole,1 Kelsey Ouyang,2 Omu Anzala,3 Julius Ogengo,4 George W Agak2 1Department of Surgery, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; 2Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA; 3Institute of Aids Vaccine Initiative, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; 4Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, KenyaCorrespondence: Ferdinand W Nangole P.O. Box 2212-00202, Nairobi, KenyaEmail nangole2212@gmail.comBackground: Inflammation seems to play a major role in the pathophysiology of keloids. However, the role of cytokines in keloid pathophysiology has not been fully evaluated with only a few cytokines studied. We undertook this study to compare various cytokines in patients with keloids and a control group of patients without keloids nor family history of keloids so as to determine which cytokines are elevated and could thus be critical in keloid formation.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of patients with keloids and a control group of those without. Patients in both groups were matched for age, sex and body mass index. Their plasma was analyzed for both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines using the Bio-flex ElisaTM method. Comparisons of cytokines means in both groups were done using Student’s t-test.Results: A total of 84 participants with 42 participants in each group were followed during the study. Male to female ratio was 1:2. Age ranges were similar with a mean of 29.6 years. A total of 28 cytokines were assayed. Statistically significant differences were noted in 15 of the 28 cytokines assayed with 11 being elevated more in keloid patients with only four in the non-keloid forming group. Among elevated cytokines in keloid patients were granulocyte colony-stimulating factors, granulocyte-monocyte-colony-stimulating factors, interleukins 4, 6 and 13.Conclusion: Patients with keloids have significantly higher cytokines compared with non-keloid forming patients. This finding suggests that keloid formation could be influenced by multiple inflammatory cytokines, an indication that the patient’s immune system could play a role in keloid formation akin to auto-inflammatory disease.Keywords: keloids, cytokines, auto-inflammatory, diseaseNangole FWOuyang KAnzala OOgengo JAgak GWDove Medical Pressarticlecytokinesauto-inflammatorydiseasePathologyRB1-214Therapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENJournal of Inflammation Research, Vol Volume 14, Pp 2465-2470 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cytokines auto-inflammatory disease Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	cytokines auto-inflammatory disease Pathology RB1-214 Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Nangole FW Ouyang K Anzala O Ogengo J Agak GW Multiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?
description	Ferdinand W Nangole,1 Kelsey Ouyang,2 Omu Anzala,3 Julius Ogengo,4 George W Agak2 1Department of Surgery, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; 2Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA; 3Institute of Aids Vaccine Initiative, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya; 4Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, KenyaCorrespondence: Ferdinand W Nangole P.O. Box 2212-00202, Nairobi, KenyaEmail nangole2212@gmail.comBackground: Inflammation seems to play a major role in the pathophysiology of keloids. However, the role of cytokines in keloid pathophysiology has not been fully evaluated with only a few cytokines studied. We undertook this study to compare various cytokines in patients with keloids and a control group of patients without keloids nor family history of keloids so as to determine which cytokines are elevated and could thus be critical in keloid formation.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of patients with keloids and a control group of those without. Patients in both groups were matched for age, sex and body mass index. Their plasma was analyzed for both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines using the Bio-flex ElisaTM method. Comparisons of cytokines means in both groups were done using Student’s t-test.Results: A total of 84 participants with 42 participants in each group were followed during the study. Male to female ratio was 1:2. Age ranges were similar with a mean of 29.6 years. A total of 28 cytokines were assayed. Statistically significant differences were noted in 15 of the 28 cytokines assayed with 11 being elevated more in keloid patients with only four in the non-keloid forming group. Among elevated cytokines in keloid patients were granulocyte colony-stimulating factors, granulocyte-monocyte-colony-stimulating factors, interleukins 4, 6 and 13.Conclusion: Patients with keloids have significantly higher cytokines compared with non-keloid forming patients. This finding suggests that keloid formation could be influenced by multiple inflammatory cytokines, an indication that the patient’s immune system could play a role in keloid formation akin to auto-inflammatory disease.Keywords: keloids, cytokines, auto-inflammatory, disease
format	article
author	Nangole FW Ouyang K Anzala O Ogengo J Agak GW
author_facet	Nangole FW Ouyang K Anzala O Ogengo J Agak GW
author_sort	Nangole FW
title	Multiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?
title_short	Multiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?
title_full	Multiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?
title_fullStr	Multiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?
title_full_unstemmed	Multiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?
title_sort	multiple cytokines elevated in patients with keloids: is it an indication of auto-inflammatory disease?
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7f3c16197dc4480a47fa83964bb15da
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Multiple Cytokines Elevated in Patients with Keloids: Is It an Indication of Auto-Inflammatory Disease?

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