Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background. Tetanus is a bacterial disease caused by the Clostridium tetani, which is a highly fatal, noncommunicable, and toxin-mediated disease. Globally, maternal and neonatal tetanus is a public health problem due to low maternal tetanus toxoid immunization. Ethiopia has the highest neonatal mor...

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Autores principales:	Jemberu Nigussie, Bekahegn Girma, Alemayehu Molla, Moges Mareg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c7fb2391ebcd490584ef41d740c2930d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c7fb2391ebcd490584ef41d740c2930d2021-11-22T01:09:31ZTetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2314-614110.1155/2021/5529315https://doaj.org/article/c7fb2391ebcd490584ef41d740c2930d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5529315https://doaj.org/toc/2314-6141Background. Tetanus is a bacterial disease caused by the Clostridium tetani, which is a highly fatal, noncommunicable, and toxin-mediated disease. Globally, maternal and neonatal tetanus is a public health problem due to low maternal tetanus toxoid immunization. Ethiopia has the highest neonatal mortality and morbidity related to tetanus due to low tetanus toxoid immunization and the high number of home deliveries. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled coverage of at least two doses of tetanus toxoid immunization, and the pooled effect sizes of associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods. Primary studies for this review were searched from the PubMed/MEDLINE online, ScienceDirect, Hinari, Google, and Google Scholar databases. Primary articles published from 2010 up to August 30, 2020, were included in this meta-analysis. Data were extracted in Microsoft Excel format and exported to STATA Version 14.0. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled coverage of two or more tetanus toxoid immunizations and its associated factors. Heterogeneity was evaluated by the I2 test. Egger’s weighted regression test was used to assess publication bias. Results. We retrieved 212 records; of these, 199 articles were excluded for reasons. Finally, 14 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of receiving at least two doses of tetanus toxoid immunization coverage in Ethiopia was 52.2% (95% CI: 42.47-61.93, I2=98.4%). Antenatal care (OR=7.8 (95% CI: 3.2, 19.2), I2=96.3%), media exposure (OR=8.3 (95% CI: 2.1, 33.3), I2=98.1%), distance from the health facility (OR=2.64 (95% CI: 1.1, 6.6), I2=94.1%), educational status of women (OR=4.7 (95% CI: 2.07, 9.56), I2=94.2%), and educational status of husbands (OR=2.995 (95% CI: 1.194, 7.512), I2=92.5%) were factors significantly associated with receiving at least two doses of tetanus toxoid immunization coverage in Ethiopia. Conclusions. The coverage of tetanus toxoid immunization among childbearing women was low in Ethiopia. Strengthening maternal health service utilization (antinatal care and institutional delivery) to the nearest health facility even in health posts and empowering education for both women and their husbands is recommended to increase tetanus toxoid immunization coverage in Ethiopia.Jemberu NigussieBekahegn GirmaAlemayehu MollaMoges MaregHindawi LimitedarticleMedicineRENBioMed Research International, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R
spellingShingle	Medicine R Jemberu Nigussie Bekahegn Girma Alemayehu Molla Moges Mareg Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
description	Background. Tetanus is a bacterial disease caused by the Clostridium tetani, which is a highly fatal, noncommunicable, and toxin-mediated disease. Globally, maternal and neonatal tetanus is a public health problem due to low maternal tetanus toxoid immunization. Ethiopia has the highest neonatal mortality and morbidity related to tetanus due to low tetanus toxoid immunization and the high number of home deliveries. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled coverage of at least two doses of tetanus toxoid immunization, and the pooled effect sizes of associated factors in Ethiopia. Methods. Primary studies for this review were searched from the PubMed/MEDLINE online, ScienceDirect, Hinari, Google, and Google Scholar databases. Primary articles published from 2010 up to August 30, 2020, were included in this meta-analysis. Data were extracted in Microsoft Excel format and exported to STATA Version 14.0. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled coverage of two or more tetanus toxoid immunizations and its associated factors. Heterogeneity was evaluated by the I2 test. Egger’s weighted regression test was used to assess publication bias. Results. We retrieved 212 records; of these, 199 articles were excluded for reasons. Finally, 14 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimate of receiving at least two doses of tetanus toxoid immunization coverage in Ethiopia was 52.2% (95% CI: 42.47-61.93, I2=98.4%). Antenatal care (OR=7.8 (95% CI: 3.2, 19.2), I2=96.3%), media exposure (OR=8.3 (95% CI: 2.1, 33.3), I2=98.1%), distance from the health facility (OR=2.64 (95% CI: 1.1, 6.6), I2=94.1%), educational status of women (OR=4.7 (95% CI: 2.07, 9.56), I2=94.2%), and educational status of husbands (OR=2.995 (95% CI: 1.194, 7.512), I2=92.5%) were factors significantly associated with receiving at least two doses of tetanus toxoid immunization coverage in Ethiopia. Conclusions. The coverage of tetanus toxoid immunization among childbearing women was low in Ethiopia. Strengthening maternal health service utilization (antinatal care and institutional delivery) to the nearest health facility even in health posts and empowering education for both women and their husbands is recommended to increase tetanus toxoid immunization coverage in Ethiopia.
format	article
author	Jemberu Nigussie Bekahegn Girma Alemayehu Molla Moges Mareg
author_facet	Jemberu Nigussie Bekahegn Girma Alemayehu Molla Moges Mareg
author_sort	Jemberu Nigussie
title	Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short	Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full	Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr	Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort	tetanus toxoid vaccination coverage and associated factors among childbearing women in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c7fb2391ebcd490584ef41d740c2930d
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Tetanus Toxoid Vaccination Coverage and Associated Factors among Childbearing Women in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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