Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.

Urea is the most popular and widely used nitrogenous fertilizer. High soil urease activity rapidly hydrolyses applied urea to ammonia which contributes to soil nitrogen (N) losses and reduces N use efficiency of crop plants. The ammonia losses can be minimized by the inhibition of soil urease activi...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Ajmal Rana, Rashid Mahmood, Sajid Ali
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c8087e630705412292ea5f465d558a67
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c8087e630705412292ea5f465d558a672021-12-02T20:19:13ZSoil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0258568https://doaj.org/article/c8087e630705412292ea5f465d558a672021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258568https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Urea is the most popular and widely used nitrogenous fertilizer. High soil urease activity rapidly hydrolyses applied urea to ammonia which contributes to soil nitrogen (N) losses and reduces N use efficiency of crop plants. The ammonia losses can be minimized by the inhibition of soil urease activity which has been explored using various potential chemical inhibitors. However, the soil urease activity inhibition potential of plant extracts is rarely explored to date. In the present study, extracts of 35 plant materials were taken and evaluated against jack bean urease. Eleven extracts, showing >50% jack bean urease inhibition, were selected and further investigated in 13 soils collected from various districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Interestingly, except Capsicum annum, Melia azedarach, Citrus reticulata and Quercus infectoria, the plant extracts showed urease inhibition activities in soils, the extent of which was lower as compared to that observed in jack bean urease though. Maximum urea hydrolysis inhibition (70%) was noted with Vachellia nilotica which was 40% more than that of hydroquinone (50%) followed by that of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (24%). The extracts of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis were coated on urea and applied to soil in the next step. At 21st day, 239% and 116% more urea-N was recovered from soil treated with V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis extracts coated urea, respectively, as compared to uncoated urea. Conclusively, these results indicated that the coating of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis extracts on urea prills prolonged urea persistence in soil owing to minimum urea hydrolysis, probably, the extracts of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis showed their urease inhibition potential. The results of this study provide a base line for the identification of new soil urease inhibitor compounds from plant materials in future.Muhammad Ajmal RanaRashid MahmoodSajid AliPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0258568 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Muhammad Ajmal Rana Rashid Mahmood Sajid Ali Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.
description	Urea is the most popular and widely used nitrogenous fertilizer. High soil urease activity rapidly hydrolyses applied urea to ammonia which contributes to soil nitrogen (N) losses and reduces N use efficiency of crop plants. The ammonia losses can be minimized by the inhibition of soil urease activity which has been explored using various potential chemical inhibitors. However, the soil urease activity inhibition potential of plant extracts is rarely explored to date. In the present study, extracts of 35 plant materials were taken and evaluated against jack bean urease. Eleven extracts, showing >50% jack bean urease inhibition, were selected and further investigated in 13 soils collected from various districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Interestingly, except Capsicum annum, Melia azedarach, Citrus reticulata and Quercus infectoria, the plant extracts showed urease inhibition activities in soils, the extent of which was lower as compared to that observed in jack bean urease though. Maximum urea hydrolysis inhibition (70%) was noted with Vachellia nilotica which was 40% more than that of hydroquinone (50%) followed by that of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (24%). The extracts of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis were coated on urea and applied to soil in the next step. At 21st day, 239% and 116% more urea-N was recovered from soil treated with V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis extracts coated urea, respectively, as compared to uncoated urea. Conclusively, these results indicated that the coating of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis extracts on urea prills prolonged urea persistence in soil owing to minimum urea hydrolysis, probably, the extracts of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis showed their urease inhibition potential. The results of this study provide a base line for the identification of new soil urease inhibitor compounds from plant materials in future.
format	article
author	Muhammad Ajmal Rana Rashid Mahmood Sajid Ali
author_facet	Muhammad Ajmal Rana Rashid Mahmood Sajid Ali
author_sort	Muhammad Ajmal Rana
title	Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.
title_short	Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.
title_full	Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.
title_fullStr	Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.
title_full_unstemmed	Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.
title_sort	soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c8087e630705412292ea5f465d558a67
work_keys_str_mv	AT muhammadajmalrana soilureaseinhibitionbyvariousplantextracts AT rashidmahmood soilureaseinhibitionbyvariousplantextracts AT sajidali soilureaseinhibitionbyvariousplantextracts
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Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts.

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