Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

Soil alkalization severely limits plant growth and development, however, the mechanisms of alkaline response in plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed physiological and transcriptomic analyses using two alfalfa cultivars (Medicago sativa L.) with different sensitivities to alkali...

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Autores principales:	Tian-Jiao Wei, Guang Li, Ming-Ming Wang, Yang-Yang Jin, Guo-Hui Zhang, Miao Liu, Hao-Yu Yang, Chang-Jie Jiang, Zheng-Wei Liang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. Alkaline stress Alkaline-responsive genes Transcriptomics Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c8115b680ace4648970d5fc0896b9da1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c8115b680ace4648970d5fc0896b9da12021-11-24T04:26:42ZPhysiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)0147-651310.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113017https://doaj.org/article/c8115b680ace4648970d5fc0896b9da12021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321011295https://doaj.org/toc/0147-6513Soil alkalization severely limits plant growth and development, however, the mechanisms of alkaline response in plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed physiological and transcriptomic analyses using two alfalfa cultivars (Medicago sativa L.) with different sensitivities to alkaline conditions. The chlorophyll content and shoot fresh mass drastically declined in the alkaline-sensitive cultivar Algonquin (AG) following alkaline treatment (0–25 mM Na2CO3 solution), while the alkaline-tolerant cultivar Gongnong NO.1 (GN) maintained relatively stable growth and chlorophyll content. Compared with AG, GN had higher contents of Ca2+ and Mg2+; the ratios of Ca2+ and Mg2+ to Na+, proline and soluble sugar, as well as higher enzyme activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) under the alkaline conditions. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis identified three categories of alkaline-responsive differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two cultivars: 48 genes commonly induced in both the cultivars (CAR), 574 genes from the tolerant cultivar (TAR), and 493 genes from the sensitive cultivar (SAR). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that CAR genes were mostly involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, and DNA replication and repair; TAR genes were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways, such as biosynthesis of amino acids and secondary metabolites including flavonoids, and the MAPK signaling pathway; SAR genes were specifically enriched in vitamin B6 metabolism. Taken together, the results identified candidate pathways associated with genetic variation in response to alkaline stress, providing novel insights into the mechanisms underlying alkaline tolerance in alfalfa.Tian-Jiao WeiGuang LiMing-Ming WangYang-Yang JinGuo-Hui ZhangMiao LiuHao-Yu YangChang-Jie JiangZheng-Wei LiangElsevierarticleAlfalfaMedicago sativa L.Alkaline stressAlkaline-responsive genesTranscriptomicsEnvironmental pollutionTD172-193.5Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol 228, Iss , Pp 113017- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. Alkaline stress Alkaline-responsive genes Transcriptomics Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. Alkaline stress Alkaline-responsive genes Transcriptomics Environmental pollution TD172-193.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Tian-Jiao Wei Guang Li Ming-Ming Wang Yang-Yang Jin Guo-Hui Zhang Miao Liu Hao-Yu Yang Chang-Jie Jiang Zheng-Wei Liang Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
description	Soil alkalization severely limits plant growth and development, however, the mechanisms of alkaline response in plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed physiological and transcriptomic analyses using two alfalfa cultivars (Medicago sativa L.) with different sensitivities to alkaline conditions. The chlorophyll content and shoot fresh mass drastically declined in the alkaline-sensitive cultivar Algonquin (AG) following alkaline treatment (0–25 mM Na2CO3 solution), while the alkaline-tolerant cultivar Gongnong NO.1 (GN) maintained relatively stable growth and chlorophyll content. Compared with AG, GN had higher contents of Ca2+ and Mg2+; the ratios of Ca2+ and Mg2+ to Na+, proline and soluble sugar, as well as higher enzyme activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) under the alkaline conditions. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis identified three categories of alkaline-responsive differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two cultivars: 48 genes commonly induced in both the cultivars (CAR), 574 genes from the tolerant cultivar (TAR), and 493 genes from the sensitive cultivar (SAR). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that CAR genes were mostly involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, and DNA replication and repair; TAR genes were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways, such as biosynthesis of amino acids and secondary metabolites including flavonoids, and the MAPK signaling pathway; SAR genes were specifically enriched in vitamin B6 metabolism. Taken together, the results identified candidate pathways associated with genetic variation in response to alkaline stress, providing novel insights into the mechanisms underlying alkaline tolerance in alfalfa.
format	article
author	Tian-Jiao Wei Guang Li Ming-Ming Wang Yang-Yang Jin Guo-Hui Zhang Miao Liu Hao-Yu Yang Chang-Jie Jiang Zheng-Wei Liang
author_facet	Tian-Jiao Wei Guang Li Ming-Ming Wang Yang-Yang Jin Guo-Hui Zhang Miao Liu Hao-Yu Yang Chang-Jie Jiang Zheng-Wei Liang
author_sort	Tian-Jiao Wei
title	Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
title_short	Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
title_full	Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
title_fullStr	Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
title_full_unstemmed	Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
title_sort	physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (medicago sativa l.)
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c8115b680ace4648970d5fc0896b9da1
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Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal novel insights into the cultivar-specific response to alkaline stress in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

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