Observing the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement

Abstract One of the common conceptions of nature, typically derived from the experiences with classical systems, is that attributes of the matter coexist with the substance. In the quantum regime, however, the quantum particle itself and its physical property may be in spatial separation, known as t...

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Autores principales:	Yosep Kim, Dong-Gil Im, Yong-Su Kim, Sang-Wook Han, Sung Moon, Yoon-Ho Kim, Young-Wook Cho
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c822a217f97f44cfb91b1857125ca3cb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c822a217f97f44cfb91b1857125ca3cb2021-12-02T13:57:39ZObserving the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement10.1038/s41534-020-00350-62056-6387https://doaj.org/article/c822a217f97f44cfb91b1857125ca3cb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-020-00350-6https://doaj.org/toc/2056-6387Abstract One of the common conceptions of nature, typically derived from the experiences with classical systems, is that attributes of the matter coexist with the substance. In the quantum regime, however, the quantum particle itself and its physical property may be in spatial separation, known as the quantum Cheshire cat effect. While there have been several reports to date on the observation of the quantum Cheshire cat effect, all such experiments are based on first-order interferometry and destructive projection measurement, thus allowing simple interpretation due to measurement-induced disturbance and also subject to trivial interpretation based on classical waves. In this work, we report an experimental observation of the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak quantum measurement as originally proposed. The use of the weak-measurement probe has allowed us to identify the location of the single photon and that of the disembodied polarization state in a quantum interferometer. The weak-measurement probe based on two-photon interference makes our observation unable to be explained by classical physics. We furthermore elucidate the quantum Cheshire cat effect as quantum interference of the transition amplitudes for the photon and the polarization state which are directly obtained from the measurement outcomes or the weak values. Our work not only reveals the true quantum nature of Cheshire cat effect but also sheds light on a comprehensive understanding for the counter-intuitive quantum phenomena.Yosep KimDong-Gil ImYong-Su KimSang-Wook HanSung MoonYoon-Ho KimYoung-Wook ChoNature PortfolioarticlePhysicsQC1-999Electronic computers. Computer scienceQA75.5-76.95ENnpj Quantum Information, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
spellingShingle	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95 Yosep Kim Dong-Gil Im Yong-Su Kim Sang-Wook Han Sung Moon Yoon-Ho Kim Young-Wook Cho Observing the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement
description	Abstract One of the common conceptions of nature, typically derived from the experiences with classical systems, is that attributes of the matter coexist with the substance. In the quantum regime, however, the quantum particle itself and its physical property may be in spatial separation, known as the quantum Cheshire cat effect. While there have been several reports to date on the observation of the quantum Cheshire cat effect, all such experiments are based on first-order interferometry and destructive projection measurement, thus allowing simple interpretation due to measurement-induced disturbance and also subject to trivial interpretation based on classical waves. In this work, we report an experimental observation of the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak quantum measurement as originally proposed. The use of the weak-measurement probe has allowed us to identify the location of the single photon and that of the disembodied polarization state in a quantum interferometer. The weak-measurement probe based on two-photon interference makes our observation unable to be explained by classical physics. We furthermore elucidate the quantum Cheshire cat effect as quantum interference of the transition amplitudes for the photon and the polarization state which are directly obtained from the measurement outcomes or the weak values. Our work not only reveals the true quantum nature of Cheshire cat effect but also sheds light on a comprehensive understanding for the counter-intuitive quantum phenomena.
format	article
author	Yosep Kim Dong-Gil Im Yong-Su Kim Sang-Wook Han Sung Moon Yoon-Ho Kim Young-Wook Cho
author_facet	Yosep Kim Dong-Gil Im Yong-Su Kim Sang-Wook Han Sung Moon Yoon-Ho Kim Young-Wook Cho
author_sort	Yosep Kim
title	Observing the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement
title_short	Observing the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement
title_full	Observing the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement
title_fullStr	Observing the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement
title_full_unstemmed	Observing the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement
title_sort	observing the quantum cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c822a217f97f44cfb91b1857125ca3cb
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Observing the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak measurement

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