Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities
Globally, rapid urban expansion has caused green spaces in urban areas to decline considerably. In this study, the rapid expansion of three Southeast Asia cities were considered, namely, Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia; Jakarta, Indonesia; and Metro Manila, Philippines. This study evaluates the changes...
Guardado en:
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/c8304fea7ed94508a7c0f5ae686a7dde |
| Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
| id |
oai:doaj.org-article:c8304fea7ed94508a7c0f5ae686a7dde |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| spelling |
oai:doaj.org-article:c8304fea7ed94508a7c0f5ae686a7dde2021-11-11T19:41:07ZEvolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities10.3390/su1321120242071-1050https://doaj.org/article/c8304fea7ed94508a7c0f5ae686a7dde2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/12024https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Globally, rapid urban expansion has caused green spaces in urban areas to decline considerably. In this study, the rapid expansion of three Southeast Asia cities were considered, namely, Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia; Jakarta, Indonesia; and Metro Manila, Philippines. This study evaluates the changes in spatial and temporal patterns of urban areas and green space structure in the three cities over the last two decades. Land use land cover (LULC) maps of the cities (1988/1989, 1999 and 2014) were developed based on 30-m resolution satellite images. The changes in the landscape and spatial structure were analysed using change detection, landscape metrics and statistical analysis. The percentage of green space in the three cities reduced in size from 45% to 20% with the rapid expansion of urban areas over the 25-year period. In Metro Manila and Jakarta, the proportion of green space converted to urban areas was higher in the initial 1989 to 1999 period than over the latter 1999 to 2014 period. Significant changes in green space structure were observed in Jakarta and Metro Manila. Green space gradually fragmented and became less connected and more unevenly distributed. These changes were not seen in Kuala Lumpur City. Overall, the impact of spatial structure of urban areas and population density on green space is higher in Jakarta and Metro Manila when this is compared to Kuala Lumpur. Thus, the results have the potential to clarify the relative contribution of green space structure especially for cities in Southeast Asia where only a few studies in urban areas have taken place.Amal Najihah Muhamad NorHasifah Abdul AzizSiti Aisyah NawawiRohazaini Muhammad JamilMuhamad Azahar AbasKamarul Ariffin HambaliAbdul Hafidz YusoffNorfadhilah IbrahimNur Hairunnisa RafaaiRon CorstanjeJim HarrisDarren GrafiusHumberto L. Perotto-BaldiviesoMDPI AGarticlegreen spacerapid urban expansionSoutheast Asia citiesspatiotemporal patternEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12024, p 12024 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
green space rapid urban expansion Southeast Asia cities spatiotemporal pattern Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 |
| spellingShingle |
green space rapid urban expansion Southeast Asia cities spatiotemporal pattern Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor Hasifah Abdul Aziz Siti Aisyah Nawawi Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil Muhamad Azahar Abas Kamarul Ariffin Hambali Abdul Hafidz Yusoff Norfadhilah Ibrahim Nur Hairunnisa Rafaai Ron Corstanje Jim Harris Darren Grafius Humberto L. Perotto-Baldivieso Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities |
| description |
Globally, rapid urban expansion has caused green spaces in urban areas to decline considerably. In this study, the rapid expansion of three Southeast Asia cities were considered, namely, Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia; Jakarta, Indonesia; and Metro Manila, Philippines. This study evaluates the changes in spatial and temporal patterns of urban areas and green space structure in the three cities over the last two decades. Land use land cover (LULC) maps of the cities (1988/1989, 1999 and 2014) were developed based on 30-m resolution satellite images. The changes in the landscape and spatial structure were analysed using change detection, landscape metrics and statistical analysis. The percentage of green space in the three cities reduced in size from 45% to 20% with the rapid expansion of urban areas over the 25-year period. In Metro Manila and Jakarta, the proportion of green space converted to urban areas was higher in the initial 1989 to 1999 period than over the latter 1999 to 2014 period. Significant changes in green space structure were observed in Jakarta and Metro Manila. Green space gradually fragmented and became less connected and more unevenly distributed. These changes were not seen in Kuala Lumpur City. Overall, the impact of spatial structure of urban areas and population density on green space is higher in Jakarta and Metro Manila when this is compared to Kuala Lumpur. Thus, the results have the potential to clarify the relative contribution of green space structure especially for cities in Southeast Asia where only a few studies in urban areas have taken place. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor Hasifah Abdul Aziz Siti Aisyah Nawawi Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil Muhamad Azahar Abas Kamarul Ariffin Hambali Abdul Hafidz Yusoff Norfadhilah Ibrahim Nur Hairunnisa Rafaai Ron Corstanje Jim Harris Darren Grafius Humberto L. Perotto-Baldivieso |
| author_facet |
Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor Hasifah Abdul Aziz Siti Aisyah Nawawi Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil Muhamad Azahar Abas Kamarul Ariffin Hambali Abdul Hafidz Yusoff Norfadhilah Ibrahim Nur Hairunnisa Rafaai Ron Corstanje Jim Harris Darren Grafius Humberto L. Perotto-Baldivieso |
| author_sort |
Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor |
| title |
Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities |
| title_short |
Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities |
| title_full |
Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities |
| title_fullStr |
Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities |
| title_sort |
evolution of green space under rapid urban expansion in southeast asian cities |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/c8304fea7ed94508a7c0f5ae686a7dde |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT amalnajihahmuhamadnor evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT hasifahabdulaziz evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT sitiaisyahnawawi evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT rohazainimuhammadjamil evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT muhamadazaharabas evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT kamarulariffinhambali evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT abdulhafidzyusoff evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT norfadhilahibrahim evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT nurhairunnisarafaai evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT roncorstanje evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT jimharris evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT darrengrafius evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities AT humbertolperottobaldivieso evolutionofgreenspaceunderrapidurbanexpansioninsoutheastasiancities |
| _version_ |
1718431492021944320 |