Extract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress

Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is the oldest known food crop, and many studies have reported that wheat shoots (i.e., wheatgrass) possess anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, the potentially ameliorative effect of wheat shoots on hepatotoxicity caused...

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Autores principales:	Ji-Ye Lim, Dae-Ho Yun, Ji-Hyun Lee, Young-Bae Kwon, Young-Mi Lee, Dong-Hyun Lee, Dae-Ki Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	acetaminophen apoptosis hepatotoxicity oxidative stress <i>Triticum aestivum</i> sprouts Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c85190d9732d4c7aacf910f81308395c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c85190d9732d4c7aacf910f81308395c2021-11-11T18:22:11ZExtract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress10.3390/molecules262163361420-3049https://doaj.org/article/c85190d9732d4c7aacf910f81308395c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6336https://doaj.org/toc/1420-3049Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is the oldest known food crop, and many studies have reported that wheat shoots (i.e., wheatgrass) possess anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, the potentially ameliorative effect of wheat shoots on hepatotoxicity caused by high doses of <i>N</i>-acetyl-para-aminophenol (acetaminophen, APAP) has yet to be reported. C57BL/6 mice received daily oral TAE (100 or 200 mg/kg), positive control (silymarin 100 mg/kg), or negative control (saline vehicle) treatments for 7 days prior to intraperitoneal APAP injection. Histological, serum (ELISA), Western blotting, and quantitative PCR analyses of excised liver tissues were then performed. Pre-treatment with TAE (100 or 200 mg/kg) ameliorated APAP-induced pathological damage (i.e., hepatotoxic lesions), reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and also ameliorated APAP-induced increases in oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting oxidative liver damage and reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, TAE pre-treatment inhibited the expression of Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), which is a key enzyme in the onset of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, suppressed the expression of the target proteins regulated by the antioxidant enzyme Nrf2, and suppressed hepatocyte apoptosis. These findings suggest that TAE is an attractive therapeutic candidate that exhibits potential hepatoprotective activity by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and liver damage.Ji-Ye LimDae-Ho YunJi-Hyun LeeYoung-Bae KwonYoung-Mi LeeDong-Hyun LeeDae-Ki KimMDPI AGarticleacetaminophenapoptosishepatotoxicityoxidative stress<i>Triticum aestivum</i> sproutsOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENMolecules, Vol 26, Iss 6336, p 6336 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	acetaminophen apoptosis hepatotoxicity oxidative stress <i>Triticum aestivum</i> sprouts Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	acetaminophen apoptosis hepatotoxicity oxidative stress <i>Triticum aestivum</i> sprouts Organic chemistry QD241-441 Ji-Ye Lim Dae-Ho Yun Ji-Hyun Lee Young-Bae Kwon Young-Mi Lee Dong-Hyun Lee Dae-Ki Kim Extract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
description	Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) is the oldest known food crop, and many studies have reported that wheat shoots (i.e., wheatgrass) possess anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, the potentially ameliorative effect of wheat shoots on hepatotoxicity caused by high doses of <i>N</i>-acetyl-para-aminophenol (acetaminophen, APAP) has yet to be reported. C57BL/6 mice received daily oral TAE (100 or 200 mg/kg), positive control (silymarin 100 mg/kg), or negative control (saline vehicle) treatments for 7 days prior to intraperitoneal APAP injection. Histological, serum (ELISA), Western blotting, and quantitative PCR analyses of excised liver tissues were then performed. Pre-treatment with TAE (100 or 200 mg/kg) ameliorated APAP-induced pathological damage (i.e., hepatotoxic lesions), reduced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, and also ameliorated APAP-induced increases in oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting oxidative liver damage and reducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, TAE pre-treatment inhibited the expression of Cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), which is a key enzyme in the onset of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, suppressed the expression of the target proteins regulated by the antioxidant enzyme Nrf2, and suppressed hepatocyte apoptosis. These findings suggest that TAE is an attractive therapeutic candidate that exhibits potential hepatoprotective activity by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and liver damage.
format	article
author	Ji-Ye Lim Dae-Ho Yun Ji-Hyun Lee Young-Bae Kwon Young-Mi Lee Dong-Hyun Lee Dae-Ki Kim
author_facet	Ji-Ye Lim Dae-Ho Yun Ji-Hyun Lee Young-Bae Kwon Young-Mi Lee Dong-Hyun Lee Dae-Ki Kim
author_sort	Ji-Ye Lim
title	Extract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
title_short	Extract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
title_full	Extract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
title_fullStr	Extract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
title_full_unstemmed	Extract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
title_sort	extract of <i>triticum aestivum</i> sprouts suppresses acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice by inhibiting oxidative stress
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c85190d9732d4c7aacf910f81308395c
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Extract of <i>Triticum aestivum</i> Sprouts Suppresses Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress

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