Fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach

Abstract The Carpathians are one of the key biodiversity hotspots in Europe. The mountain chain uplifted during Alpine orogenesis and is characterised by a complex geological history. Its current biodiversity was highly influenced by Pleistocene glaciations. The goal of the current study was to exam...

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Autores principales:	Tomasz Mamos, Krzysztof Jażdżewski, Zuzana Čiamporová-Zaťovičová, Fedor Čiampor, Michał Grabowski
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c87094d8ff604d1bbcadc02d68eb9b3a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c87094d8ff604d1bbcadc02d68eb9b3a2021-11-08T10:53:44ZFuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach10.1038/s41598-021-00320-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c87094d8ff604d1bbcadc02d68eb9b3a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00320-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The Carpathians are one of the key biodiversity hotspots in Europe. The mountain chain uplifted during Alpine orogenesis and is characterised by a complex geological history. Its current biodiversity was highly influenced by Pleistocene glaciations. The goal of the current study was to examine the phylogenetic and demographic history of Gammarus balcanicus species complex in the Carpathians using multiple markers as well as to delimit, using an integrative approach, and describe new species hidden so far under the name G. balcanicus. Results showed that divergence of the studied lineages reaches back to the Miocene, which supports the hypothesis of their survival in multiple micro refugia. Moreover, the increase of their diversification rate in the Pleistocene suggests that glaciation was the driving force of their speciation. The climatic changes during and after the Pleistocene also played a major role in the demography of the local Carpathian lineages. Comparison of diversity patterns and phylogenetic relationships of both, the mitochondrial and nuclear markers, provide evidence of putative hybridisation and retention of ancient polymorphism (i.e., incomplete lineage sorting). The morphological examination supported the existence of two morphological types; one we describe as a G. stasiuki sp. nov. and another we redescribe as a G. tatrensis (S. Karaman, 1931).Tomasz MamosKrzysztof JażdżewskiZuzana Čiamporová-ZaťovičováFedor ČiamporMichał GrabowskiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-23 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tomasz Mamos Krzysztof Jażdżewski Zuzana Čiamporová-Zaťovičová Fedor Čiampor Michał Grabowski Fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach
description	Abstract The Carpathians are one of the key biodiversity hotspots in Europe. The mountain chain uplifted during Alpine orogenesis and is characterised by a complex geological history. Its current biodiversity was highly influenced by Pleistocene glaciations. The goal of the current study was to examine the phylogenetic and demographic history of Gammarus balcanicus species complex in the Carpathians using multiple markers as well as to delimit, using an integrative approach, and describe new species hidden so far under the name G. balcanicus. Results showed that divergence of the studied lineages reaches back to the Miocene, which supports the hypothesis of their survival in multiple micro refugia. Moreover, the increase of their diversification rate in the Pleistocene suggests that glaciation was the driving force of their speciation. The climatic changes during and after the Pleistocene also played a major role in the demography of the local Carpathian lineages. Comparison of diversity patterns and phylogenetic relationships of both, the mitochondrial and nuclear markers, provide evidence of putative hybridisation and retention of ancient polymorphism (i.e., incomplete lineage sorting). The morphological examination supported the existence of two morphological types; one we describe as a G. stasiuki sp. nov. and another we redescribe as a G. tatrensis (S. Karaman, 1931).
format	article
author	Tomasz Mamos Krzysztof Jażdżewski Zuzana Čiamporová-Zaťovičová Fedor Čiampor Michał Grabowski
author_facet	Tomasz Mamos Krzysztof Jażdżewski Zuzana Čiamporová-Zaťovičová Fedor Čiampor Michał Grabowski
author_sort	Tomasz Mamos
title	Fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach
title_short	Fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach
title_full	Fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach
title_fullStr	Fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach
title_full_unstemmed	Fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach
title_sort	fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c87094d8ff604d1bbcadc02d68eb9b3a
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Fuzzy species borders of glacial survivalists in the Carpathian biodiversity hotspot revealed using a multimarker approach

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