Chronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies

Nelda A Rivera,1 Adam L Brandt,2 Jan E Novakofski,3 Nohra E Mateus-Pinilla1 1Illinois Natural History Survey-Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA; 2Division of Natural Sciences, St. Norbert College, De Pere, WI, USA; 3Department of Animal Sciences,...

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Autores principales:	Rivera NA, Brandt AL, Novakofski JE, Mateus-Pinilla NE
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	CWD Prion PRNP PrPC PrPSC TSE Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c88fb9f3512744c2925d0a10ffd85086
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c88fb9f3512744c2925d0a10ffd850862021-12-02T09:13:51ZChronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies2230-2034https://doaj.org/article/c88fb9f3512744c2925d0a10ffd850862019-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/chronic-wasting-disease-in-cervids-prevalence-impact-and-management-st-peer-reviewed-article-VMRRhttps://doaj.org/toc/2230-2034Nelda A Rivera,1 Adam L Brandt,2 Jan E Novakofski,3 Nohra E Mateus-Pinilla1 1Illinois Natural History Survey-Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA; 2Division of Natural Sciences, St. Norbert College, De Pere, WI, USA; 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USACorrespondence: Nohra E Mateus-PinillaIllinois Natural History Survey-Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USATel +12173336856Fax +12172440802Email nohram@illinois.eduAbstract: Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) that affects members of the cervidae family. The infectious agent is a misfolded isoform (PrPSC) of the host prion protein (PrPC). The replication of PrPSC initiates a cascade of developmental changes that spread from cell to cell, individual to individual, and that for some TSEs, has crossed the species barrier. CWD can be transmitted horizontally and vertically, and it is the only TSE that affects free-ranging wildlife. While other TSEs are under control and even declining, infection rates of CWD continue to grow and the disease distribution continues to expand in North America and around the world. Since the first reported case in 1967, CWD has spread infecting captive and free-ranging cervids in 26 states in the US, 3 Canadian provinces, 3 European countries and has been found in captive cervids in South Korea. CWD causes considerable ecologic, economic and sociologic impact, as this is a 100% fatal highly contagious infectious disease, with no treatment or cure available. Because some TSEs have crossed the species barrier, the zoonotic potential of CWD is a concern for human health and continues to be investigated. Here we review the characteristics of the CWD prion protein, mechanisms of transmission and the role of genetics. We discuss the characteristics that contribute to prevalence and distribution. We also discuss the impact of CWD and review the management strategies that have been used to prevent and control the spread of CWD.Keywords: CWD, prion, PRNP, PrPC, PrPSC, TSERivera NABrandt ALNovakofski JEMateus-Pinilla NEDove Medical PressarticleCWDPrionPRNPPrPCPrPSCTSEVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary Medicine: Research and Reports, Vol Volume 10, Pp 123-139 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CWD Prion PRNP PrPC PrPSC TSE Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	CWD Prion PRNP PrPC PrPSC TSE Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Rivera NA Brandt AL Novakofski JE Mateus-Pinilla NE Chronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies
description	Nelda A Rivera,1 Adam L Brandt,2 Jan E Novakofski,3 Nohra E Mateus-Pinilla1 1Illinois Natural History Survey-Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA; 2Division of Natural Sciences, St. Norbert College, De Pere, WI, USA; 3Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USACorrespondence: Nohra E Mateus-PinillaIllinois Natural History Survey-Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USATel +12173336856Fax +12172440802Email nohram@illinois.eduAbstract: Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) that affects members of the cervidae family. The infectious agent is a misfolded isoform (PrPSC) of the host prion protein (PrPC). The replication of PrPSC initiates a cascade of developmental changes that spread from cell to cell, individual to individual, and that for some TSEs, has crossed the species barrier. CWD can be transmitted horizontally and vertically, and it is the only TSE that affects free-ranging wildlife. While other TSEs are under control and even declining, infection rates of CWD continue to grow and the disease distribution continues to expand in North America and around the world. Since the first reported case in 1967, CWD has spread infecting captive and free-ranging cervids in 26 states in the US, 3 Canadian provinces, 3 European countries and has been found in captive cervids in South Korea. CWD causes considerable ecologic, economic and sociologic impact, as this is a 100% fatal highly contagious infectious disease, with no treatment or cure available. Because some TSEs have crossed the species barrier, the zoonotic potential of CWD is a concern for human health and continues to be investigated. Here we review the characteristics of the CWD prion protein, mechanisms of transmission and the role of genetics. We discuss the characteristics that contribute to prevalence and distribution. We also discuss the impact of CWD and review the management strategies that have been used to prevent and control the spread of CWD.Keywords: CWD, prion, PRNP, PrPC, PrPSC, TSE
format	article
author	Rivera NA Brandt AL Novakofski JE Mateus-Pinilla NE
author_facet	Rivera NA Brandt AL Novakofski JE Mateus-Pinilla NE
author_sort	Rivera NA
title	Chronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies
title_short	Chronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies
title_full	Chronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies
title_fullStr	Chronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies
title_full_unstemmed	Chronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies
title_sort	chronic wasting disease in cervids: prevalence, impact and management strategies
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/c88fb9f3512744c2925d0a10ffd85086
work_keys_str_mv	AT riverana chronicwastingdiseaseincervidsprevalenceimpactandmanagementstrategies AT brandtal chronicwastingdiseaseincervidsprevalenceimpactandmanagementstrategies AT novakofskije chronicwastingdiseaseincervidsprevalenceimpactandmanagementstrategies AT mateuspinillane chronicwastingdiseaseincervidsprevalenceimpactandmanagementstrategies
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Chronic Wasting Disease In Cervids: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies

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