Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products

Due to the remote location and the extreme climate, monitoring stations in Arctic rivers such as Lena in Siberia have been decreasing through time. Every year, after a long harsh winter, the accumulated snow on the Lena watershed melts, leading to the major annual spring flood event causing heavy tr...

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Autores principales:	Avi Putri Pertiwi, Achim Roth, Timo Schaffhauser, Punit Kumar Bhola, Felix Reuß, Samuel Stettner, Claudia Kuenzer, Markus Disse
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	TerraSAR-X TanDEM-X hydrodynamic modeling spring flood Arctic watershed remote sensing of rivers Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c8b7461435134a89b295ee8ff485d3ae
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c8b7461435134a89b295ee8ff485d3ae2021-11-25T18:55:28ZMonitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products10.3390/rs132246952072-4292https://doaj.org/article/c8b7461435134a89b295ee8ff485d3ae2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4695https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Due to the remote location and the extreme climate, monitoring stations in Arctic rivers such as Lena in Siberia have been decreasing through time. Every year, after a long harsh winter, the accumulated snow on the Lena watershed melts, leading to the major annual spring flood event causing heavy transport of sediments, organic carbon, and trace metals, both into as well as within the delta. This study aims to analyze the hydrodynamic processes of the spring flood taking place every year in the Lena Delta. Thus, a combination of remote sensing techniques and hydrodynamic modeling methodologies is used to overcome limitations caused by missing ground-truth data. As a test site for this feasibility study, the outlet of the Lena River to its delta was selected. Lena Delta is an extensive wetland spanning from northeast Siberia into the Arctic Ocean. Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data of the TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X satellite mission served as input for the hydrodynamic modeling software HEC-RAS. The model resulted in inundation areas, flood depths, and flow velocities. The model accuracy assessed by comparing the multi-temporal modeled inundation areas with the satellite-derived inundation areas ranged between 65 and 95%, with kappa coefficients ranging between 0.78 and 0.97, showing moderate to almost perfect levels of agreement between the two inundation boundaries. Modeling results of high flow discharges show a better agreement with the satellite-derived inundation areas compared to that of lower flow discharges. Overall, the remote-sensing-based hydrodynamic modeling succeeded in indicating the increase and decrease in the inundation areas, flood depths, and flow velocities during the annual flood events.Avi Putri PertiwiAchim RothTimo SchaffhauserPunit Kumar BholaFelix ReußSamuel StettnerClaudia KuenzerMarkus DisseMDPI AGarticleTerraSAR-XTanDEM-Xhydrodynamic modelingspring floodArctic watershedremote sensing of riversScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4695, p 4695 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	TerraSAR-X TanDEM-X hydrodynamic modeling spring flood Arctic watershed remote sensing of rivers Science Q
spellingShingle	TerraSAR-X TanDEM-X hydrodynamic modeling spring flood Arctic watershed remote sensing of rivers Science Q Avi Putri Pertiwi Achim Roth Timo Schaffhauser Punit Kumar Bhola Felix Reuß Samuel Stettner Claudia Kuenzer Markus Disse Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products
description	Due to the remote location and the extreme climate, monitoring stations in Arctic rivers such as Lena in Siberia have been decreasing through time. Every year, after a long harsh winter, the accumulated snow on the Lena watershed melts, leading to the major annual spring flood event causing heavy transport of sediments, organic carbon, and trace metals, both into as well as within the delta. This study aims to analyze the hydrodynamic processes of the spring flood taking place every year in the Lena Delta. Thus, a combination of remote sensing techniques and hydrodynamic modeling methodologies is used to overcome limitations caused by missing ground-truth data. As a test site for this feasibility study, the outlet of the Lena River to its delta was selected. Lena Delta is an extensive wetland spanning from northeast Siberia into the Arctic Ocean. Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data of the TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X satellite mission served as input for the hydrodynamic modeling software HEC-RAS. The model resulted in inundation areas, flood depths, and flow velocities. The model accuracy assessed by comparing the multi-temporal modeled inundation areas with the satellite-derived inundation areas ranged between 65 and 95%, with kappa coefficients ranging between 0.78 and 0.97, showing moderate to almost perfect levels of agreement between the two inundation boundaries. Modeling results of high flow discharges show a better agreement with the satellite-derived inundation areas compared to that of lower flow discharges. Overall, the remote-sensing-based hydrodynamic modeling succeeded in indicating the increase and decrease in the inundation areas, flood depths, and flow velocities during the annual flood events.
format	article
author	Avi Putri Pertiwi Achim Roth Timo Schaffhauser Punit Kumar Bhola Felix Reuß Samuel Stettner Claudia Kuenzer Markus Disse
author_facet	Avi Putri Pertiwi Achim Roth Timo Schaffhauser Punit Kumar Bhola Felix Reuß Samuel Stettner Claudia Kuenzer Markus Disse
author_sort	Avi Putri Pertiwi
title	Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products
title_short	Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products
title_full	Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products
title_fullStr	Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products
title_full_unstemmed	Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products
title_sort	monitoring the spring flood in lena delta with hydrodynamic modeling based on sar satellite products
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c8b7461435134a89b295ee8ff485d3ae
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Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products

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