Phytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)

In the coastal waters of the Black Sea near Sevastopol, a gradual temperature elevation and an increase in anthropogenic pressure since the early 2000s have caused significant structural and functional changes in phytoplankton. Currently, there is a significant decrease in the contribution of small...

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Autores principales:	Lyudmyla Stelmakh, Nelya Kovrigina
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	phytoplankton Black Sea climatic changes anthropogenic pressure phytoplankton growth rate microzooplankton grazing Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c8be86fa34f040ee8ba27cd839de59e0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c8be86fa34f040ee8ba27cd839de59e02021-11-25T19:15:46ZPhytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)10.3390/w132232302073-4441https://doaj.org/article/c8be86fa34f040ee8ba27cd839de59e02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3230https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441In the coastal waters of the Black Sea near Sevastopol, a gradual temperature elevation and an increase in anthropogenic pressure since the early 2000s have caused significant structural and functional changes in phytoplankton. Currently, there is a significant decrease in the contribution of small diatom species (<i>Skeletonema sp.</i> and <i>Chaetoceros socialis</i> H.S.Lauder as well as coccolithophorids <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (Lohmann) W.W.Hay and H.P.Mohler) to the total phytoplankton biomass in these waters. Previously these species caused regular weak blooms. In the warm periods (from May to October), during which the main phytoplankton biomass is formed, large diatom species <i>Pseudosolenia calcar-avis</i> (Schultze) B.G.Sundström, 1986, <i>Proboscia alata</i> (Brightwell) Sundström and dinoflagellates predominate. Therefore, the maximum values of the phytoplankton community’s specific growth rate are about two times lower than in the preceding periods and do not exceed 1.10–1.40 day<sup>−1</sup>. There was also a decrease observed in the microzooplankton grazing rate, which, during the year, was no higher than 0.70–1.20 day<sup>−1</sup>. This is primarily conditioned by the increased role of large algae in phytoplankton, which means a decline in nutrition quality for microzooplankton. As a result of the joint influence of nutrition quality and water pollution, the relative share of net primary production consumed by microzooplankton in the warm periods of the year averaged only 32%, which is two times lower than the average values generally accepted for marine ecosystems. This means that the transfer of matter and energy from phytoplankton to higher trophic levels is significantly decreased.Lyudmyla StelmakhNelya KovriginaMDPI AGarticlephytoplanktonBlack Seaclimatic changesanthropogenic pressurephytoplankton growth ratemicrozooplankton grazingHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3230, p 3230 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	phytoplankton Black Sea climatic changes anthropogenic pressure phytoplankton growth rate microzooplankton grazing Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	phytoplankton Black Sea climatic changes anthropogenic pressure phytoplankton growth rate microzooplankton grazing Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Lyudmyla Stelmakh Nelya Kovrigina Phytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)
description	In the coastal waters of the Black Sea near Sevastopol, a gradual temperature elevation and an increase in anthropogenic pressure since the early 2000s have caused significant structural and functional changes in phytoplankton. Currently, there is a significant decrease in the contribution of small diatom species (<i>Skeletonema sp.</i> and <i>Chaetoceros socialis</i> H.S.Lauder as well as coccolithophorids <i>Emiliania huxleyi</i> (Lohmann) W.W.Hay and H.P.Mohler) to the total phytoplankton biomass in these waters. Previously these species caused regular weak blooms. In the warm periods (from May to October), during which the main phytoplankton biomass is formed, large diatom species <i>Pseudosolenia calcar-avis</i> (Schultze) B.G.Sundström, 1986, <i>Proboscia alata</i> (Brightwell) Sundström and dinoflagellates predominate. Therefore, the maximum values of the phytoplankton community’s specific growth rate are about two times lower than in the preceding periods and do not exceed 1.10–1.40 day<sup>−1</sup>. There was also a decrease observed in the microzooplankton grazing rate, which, during the year, was no higher than 0.70–1.20 day<sup>−1</sup>. This is primarily conditioned by the increased role of large algae in phytoplankton, which means a decline in nutrition quality for microzooplankton. As a result of the joint influence of nutrition quality and water pollution, the relative share of net primary production consumed by microzooplankton in the warm periods of the year averaged only 32%, which is two times lower than the average values generally accepted for marine ecosystems. This means that the transfer of matter and energy from phytoplankton to higher trophic levels is significantly decreased.
format	article
author	Lyudmyla Stelmakh Nelya Kovrigina
author_facet	Lyudmyla Stelmakh Nelya Kovrigina
author_sort	Lyudmyla Stelmakh
title	Phytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)
title_short	Phytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)
title_full	Phytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)
title_fullStr	Phytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)
title_full_unstemmed	Phytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)
title_sort	phytoplankton growth rate and microzooplankton grazing under conditions of climatic changes and anthropogenic pollution in the coastal waters of the black sea (sevastopol region)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c8be86fa34f040ee8ba27cd839de59e0
work_keys_str_mv	AT lyudmylastelmakh phytoplanktongrowthrateandmicrozooplanktongrazingunderconditionsofclimaticchangesandanthropogenicpollutioninthecoastalwatersoftheblackseasevastopolregion AT nelyakovrigina phytoplanktongrowthrateandmicrozooplanktongrazingunderconditionsofclimaticchangesandanthropogenicpollutioninthecoastalwatersoftheblackseasevastopolregion
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Phytoplankton Growth Rate and Microzooplankton Grazing under Conditions of Climatic Changes and Anthropogenic Pollution in the Coastal Waters of the Black Sea (Sevastopol Region)

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