Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere

A commixture of gasphase compounds including carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and trace metals were collected at a site located at the urban/industrial interface in Houston, Texas. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis yielded nine factors: gas/cr...

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Autores principales:	Morshad Ahmed, Bernhard Rappenglück, Sourav Das, Shankararaman Chellam
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	VOCs Metals Positive matrix factorization (PMF) Bivariate polar plots Houston TX Houston ship channel (HSC) Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c8c962ebf0bb4637bdf937373b8b7d38
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c8c962ebf0bb4637bdf937373b8b7d382021-12-02T05:04:13ZSource apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere2666-765710.1016/j.envadv.2021.100127https://doaj.org/article/c8c962ebf0bb4637bdf937373b8b7d382021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765721000983https://doaj.org/toc/2666-7657A commixture of gasphase compounds including carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and trace metals were collected at a site located at the urban/industrial interface in Houston, Texas. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis yielded nine factors: gas/crude oil (21.3±5.5%), isoprene emission (17.0±7.1%), Si-rich (14.6±1.3%), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (11.2±4.0%), traffic (10.6±0.4%), Fluidized-bed Catalytic Cracking (FCC)/high temperature operations (7.2±4.3%), oil refinery (6.8±0.9%), soil and road dust (6.2±0.6%), and petrochemical industries (5.0±5.0%). Daytime and nighttime PMF runs were carried out to see potential differences among and within emission sources. Notable findings include: (1) Nocturnal isoprene emission was identified from traffic exhaust and industrial sources. (2) LPG emissions were higher during the day most likely due to temperature dependent evaporative processes. (3) V/Ni and SO2/V ratios reveal greater contribution from crude oil in the merged natural gas/crude oil emission factor. Corrosion might be responsible for emitting metals (i.e., Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni) from oil refineries during nighttime. (4) In the soil and road dust factor, metals relevant to plant physiological processes are mostly retained by the plants while the lanthanoids and other metals (i.e. Y, Pb, Mn, Ga, Ba) are more prone to physical removal during the day. (5) FCC/high temperature operations are dominated by metals at night. (6) The traffic factor increases during the day possibly due to the higher number of vehicles. Bivariate polar plots suggest the Houston Ship Channel area as the primary emission source for LPG, natural gas/crude oil, FCC/high temperature operations, and petrochemical industries.Morshad AhmedBernhard RappenglückSourav DasShankararaman ChellamElsevierarticleVOCsMetalsPositive matrix factorization (PMF)Bivariate polar plotsHouston TXHouston ship channel (HSC)Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENEnvironmental Advances, Vol 6, Iss , Pp 100127- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	VOCs Metals Positive matrix factorization (PMF) Bivariate polar plots Houston TX Houston ship channel (HSC) Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	VOCs Metals Positive matrix factorization (PMF) Bivariate polar plots Houston TX Houston ship channel (HSC) Environmental sciences GE1-350 Morshad Ahmed Bernhard Rappenglück Sourav Das Shankararaman Chellam Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere
description	A commixture of gasphase compounds including carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and trace metals were collected at a site located at the urban/industrial interface in Houston, Texas. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis yielded nine factors: gas/crude oil (21.3±5.5%), isoprene emission (17.0±7.1%), Si-rich (14.6±1.3%), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) (11.2±4.0%), traffic (10.6±0.4%), Fluidized-bed Catalytic Cracking (FCC)/high temperature operations (7.2±4.3%), oil refinery (6.8±0.9%), soil and road dust (6.2±0.6%), and petrochemical industries (5.0±5.0%). Daytime and nighttime PMF runs were carried out to see potential differences among and within emission sources. Notable findings include: (1) Nocturnal isoprene emission was identified from traffic exhaust and industrial sources. (2) LPG emissions were higher during the day most likely due to temperature dependent evaporative processes. (3) V/Ni and SO2/V ratios reveal greater contribution from crude oil in the merged natural gas/crude oil emission factor. Corrosion might be responsible for emitting metals (i.e., Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni) from oil refineries during nighttime. (4) In the soil and road dust factor, metals relevant to plant physiological processes are mostly retained by the plants while the lanthanoids and other metals (i.e. Y, Pb, Mn, Ga, Ba) are more prone to physical removal during the day. (5) FCC/high temperature operations are dominated by metals at night. (6) The traffic factor increases during the day possibly due to the higher number of vehicles. Bivariate polar plots suggest the Houston Ship Channel area as the primary emission source for LPG, natural gas/crude oil, FCC/high temperature operations, and petrochemical industries.
format	article
author	Morshad Ahmed Bernhard Rappenglück Sourav Das Shankararaman Chellam
author_facet	Morshad Ahmed Bernhard Rappenglück Sourav Das Shankararaman Chellam
author_sort	Morshad Ahmed
title	Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere
title_short	Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere
title_full	Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere
title_fullStr	Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere
title_full_unstemmed	Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere
title_sort	source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, co, so2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c8c962ebf0bb4637bdf937373b8b7d38
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Source apportionment of volatile organic compounds, CO, SO2 and trace metals in a complex urban atmosphere

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