Crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS

Twisha S Pate, Rustin D Crutchley, Anne M Tucker, Jessica Cottreau, Kevin W Garey Department of Clinical Sciences and Administration, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Diarrhea is a common comorbidity present in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired...

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Autores principales:	Patel TS, Crutchley RD, Tucker AM, Cottreau J, Garey KW
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2013
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c8ec861438e14cc388dcaef46683fbaf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c8ec861438e14cc388dcaef46683fbaf2021-12-02T02:32:28ZCrofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/c8ec861438e14cc388dcaef46683fbaf2013-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/crofelemer-for-the-treatment-of-chronic-diarrhea-in-patients-living-wi-a13670https://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Twisha S Pate, Rustin D Crutchley, Anne M Tucker, Jessica Cottreau, Kevin W Garey Department of Clinical Sciences and Administration, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Diarrhea is a common comorbidity present in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) who are treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. With a multifactorial etiology, this diarrhea often becomes difficult to manage. In addition, some antiretrovirals are associated with chronic diarrhea, which potentially creates an adherence barrier to antiretrovirals and may ultimately affect treatment outcomes and future therapeutic options for HIV. A predominant type of diarrhea that develops in HIV patients has secretory characteristics, including increased secretion of chloride ions and water into the intestinal lumen. One proposed mechanism that may lead to this type of secretory diarrhea is explained by the activation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and calcium-activated chloride channels. Crofelemer is a novel antidiarrheal agent that works by inhibiting both of these channels. The efficacy and safety of crofelemer has been evaluated in clinical trials for various types of secretory diarrhea, including cholera-related and acute infectious diarrhea. More recently, crofelemer was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the symptomatic relief of noninfectious diarrhea in adult patients with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy. Results from the ADVENT trial showed that crofelemer reduced symptoms of secretory diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients. Because crofelemer is not systemically absorbed, this agent is well tolerated by patients, and in clinical trials it has been associated with minimal adverse events. Crofelemer has a unique mechanism of action, which may offer a more reliable treatment option for HIV patients who experience chronic secretory diarrhea from antiretroviral therapy. Keywords: crofelemer, HIV, antiretrovirals, secretory diarrheaPatel TSCrutchley RDTucker AMCottreau JGarey KWDove Medical PressarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol 2013, Iss default, Pp 153-162 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Patel TS Crutchley RD Tucker AM Cottreau J Garey KW Crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS
description	Twisha S Pate, Rustin D Crutchley, Anne M Tucker, Jessica Cottreau, Kevin W Garey Department of Clinical Sciences and Administration, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA Abstract: Diarrhea is a common comorbidity present in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) who are treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. With a multifactorial etiology, this diarrhea often becomes difficult to manage. In addition, some antiretrovirals are associated with chronic diarrhea, which potentially creates an adherence barrier to antiretrovirals and may ultimately affect treatment outcomes and future therapeutic options for HIV. A predominant type of diarrhea that develops in HIV patients has secretory characteristics, including increased secretion of chloride ions and water into the intestinal lumen. One proposed mechanism that may lead to this type of secretory diarrhea is explained by the activation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and calcium-activated chloride channels. Crofelemer is a novel antidiarrheal agent that works by inhibiting both of these channels. The efficacy and safety of crofelemer has been evaluated in clinical trials for various types of secretory diarrhea, including cholera-related and acute infectious diarrhea. More recently, crofelemer was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the symptomatic relief of noninfectious diarrhea in adult patients with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy. Results from the ADVENT trial showed that crofelemer reduced symptoms of secretory diarrhea in HIV/AIDS patients. Because crofelemer is not systemically absorbed, this agent is well tolerated by patients, and in clinical trials it has been associated with minimal adverse events. Crofelemer has a unique mechanism of action, which may offer a more reliable treatment option for HIV patients who experience chronic secretory diarrhea from antiretroviral therapy. Keywords: crofelemer, HIV, antiretrovirals, secretory diarrhea
format	article
author	Patel TS Crutchley RD Tucker AM Cottreau J Garey KW
author_facet	Patel TS Crutchley RD Tucker AM Cottreau J Garey KW
author_sort	Patel TS
title	Crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS
title_short	Crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS
title_full	Crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS
title_fullStr	Crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS
title_full_unstemmed	Crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS
title_sort	crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with hiv/aids
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/c8ec861438e14cc388dcaef46683fbaf
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Crofelemer for the treatment of chronic diarrhea in patients living with HIV/AIDS

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