Ecological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China

With the development of the economy and urbanization, the contradiction between water use and supply is growing, and it is necessary to explore the relationship and evolutionary process of water flow in the water system from a systematic perspective. Although previous studies have analyzed the water...

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Autores principales:	Junhong Chen, Yadong Mei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	virtual water system ecological network analysis input–output model robustness Tibet Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c91da94f78224ced833045081256981e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c91da94f78224ced833045081256981e2021-11-25T19:15:57ZEcological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China10.3390/w132232462073-4441https://doaj.org/article/c91da94f78224ced833045081256981e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3246https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441With the development of the economy and urbanization, the contradiction between water use and supply is growing, and it is necessary to explore the relationship and evolutionary process of water flow in the water system from a systematic perspective. Although previous studies have analyzed the water system from a holistic point of view, a comprehensive system that considers virtual water flows is currently lacking. The present study establishes a seven-compartment virtual water system in Tibet in 2012 by combining ecological network analysis (ENA) with the input–output model. Socio-economic sectors and virtual water flows are expressed as network compartments and pathways. The information-based ENA is used to evaluate the characteristics of the virtual water system in Tibet, including its robustness and trade-offs between network efficiency and redundancy. Network control analysis is introduced to characterize the control and dependence intensities over the system, while ecological relationships between pairwise compartments are calculated using network utility analysis. The results indicate that Tibet’s virtual water system has close to optimal robustness, with higher redundancy and limited efficiency. The agriculture compartment is the main controller, while the energy supply compartment is the most dependent on the virtual water system. The overall systematic relationship that the system has is generally mutualistic and synergistic, the majority of which have a positive relationship, although the control and exploitation relationships are dominant. These results can be used to improve network robustness and are of great significance to the sustainable development of the virtual water system in Tibet.Junhong ChenYadong MeiMDPI AGarticlevirtual water systemecological network analysisinput–output modelrobustnessTibetHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3246, p 3246 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	virtual water system ecological network analysis input–output model robustness Tibet Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	virtual water system ecological network analysis input–output model robustness Tibet Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Junhong Chen Yadong Mei Ecological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China
description	With the development of the economy and urbanization, the contradiction between water use and supply is growing, and it is necessary to explore the relationship and evolutionary process of water flow in the water system from a systematic perspective. Although previous studies have analyzed the water system from a holistic point of view, a comprehensive system that considers virtual water flows is currently lacking. The present study establishes a seven-compartment virtual water system in Tibet in 2012 by combining ecological network analysis (ENA) with the input–output model. Socio-economic sectors and virtual water flows are expressed as network compartments and pathways. The information-based ENA is used to evaluate the characteristics of the virtual water system in Tibet, including its robustness and trade-offs between network efficiency and redundancy. Network control analysis is introduced to characterize the control and dependence intensities over the system, while ecological relationships between pairwise compartments are calculated using network utility analysis. The results indicate that Tibet’s virtual water system has close to optimal robustness, with higher redundancy and limited efficiency. The agriculture compartment is the main controller, while the energy supply compartment is the most dependent on the virtual water system. The overall systematic relationship that the system has is generally mutualistic and synergistic, the majority of which have a positive relationship, although the control and exploitation relationships are dominant. These results can be used to improve network robustness and are of great significance to the sustainable development of the virtual water system in Tibet.
format	article
author	Junhong Chen Yadong Mei
author_facet	Junhong Chen Yadong Mei
author_sort	Junhong Chen
title	Ecological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China
title_short	Ecological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China
title_full	Ecological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China
title_fullStr	Ecological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China
title_full_unstemmed	Ecological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China
title_sort	ecological network analysis of a virtual water system in tibet, china
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c91da94f78224ced833045081256981e
work_keys_str_mv	AT junhongchen ecologicalnetworkanalysisofavirtualwatersystemintibetchina AT yadongmei ecologicalnetworkanalysisofavirtualwatersystemintibetchina
_version_	1718410123170283520

Ecological Network Analysis of a Virtual Water System in Tibet, China

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