Understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge

Critical conservation issues such as bushmeat hunting, which exist in complex social, political, and policy landscapes, require the incorporation of diverse sources of knowledge as a key aspect of decision making. We demonstrate the utilization of both individual and collective stakeholder knowledge...

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Autores principales:	Julia L. van Velden, Boyson H. Moyo, Helen Ross, Duan Biggs
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Resilience Alliance 2020
Materias:	cognitive models expert systems mental models participatory models poaching social learning wild meat Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c922a57a2bfe4347991b0ebad630e15a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c922a57a2bfe4347991b0ebad630e15a2021-12-02T14:14:41ZUnderstanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge1708-308710.5751/ES-11873-250321https://doaj.org/article/c922a57a2bfe4347991b0ebad630e15a2020-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol25/iss3/art21/https://doaj.org/toc/1708-3087Critical conservation issues such as bushmeat hunting, which exist in complex social, political, and policy landscapes, require the incorporation of diverse sources of knowledge as a key aspect of decision making. We demonstrate the utilization of both individual and collective stakeholder knowledge to contribute toward decision making. We used fuzzy cognitive mapping in a two-stage process to investigate bushmeat hunting and consumption in Malawi as a case study, and arrived at models of the bushmeat hunting and consumption systems in the form of cognitive maps. We also explored the effect of three different intervention scenarios, namely wildlife farming, microenterprise initiatives, and ecotourism. We found that the concept of hunting was perceived as more complex than consumption, and that poverty, human population, and political will were shared as important drivers of both issues. The two-stage process we used indicated that individual and group phases were equally important. Key concepts were drawn out during the individual elicitation stage, while the participatory group phase allowed nuanced understanding of many of these concepts. We found that wildlife farming was predicted to be the most effective scenario for meeting many of the key state outcomes for both hunting and consumption. These results provide an example of using fuzzy cognitive mapping in a multistage process and illustrate its utility for arriving at decisions regarding interventions in complex social-ecological systems.Julia L. van VeldenBoyson H. MoyoHelen RossDuan BiggsResilience Alliancearticlecognitive modelsexpert systemsmental modelsparticipatory modelspoachingsocial learningwild meatBiology (General)QH301-705.5EcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Society, Vol 25, Iss 3, p 21 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cognitive models expert systems mental models participatory models poaching social learning wild meat Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	cognitive models expert systems mental models participatory models poaching social learning wild meat Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ecology QH540-549.5 Julia L. van Velden Boyson H. Moyo Helen Ross Duan Biggs Understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge
description	Critical conservation issues such as bushmeat hunting, which exist in complex social, political, and policy landscapes, require the incorporation of diverse sources of knowledge as a key aspect of decision making. We demonstrate the utilization of both individual and collective stakeholder knowledge to contribute toward decision making. We used fuzzy cognitive mapping in a two-stage process to investigate bushmeat hunting and consumption in Malawi as a case study, and arrived at models of the bushmeat hunting and consumption systems in the form of cognitive maps. We also explored the effect of three different intervention scenarios, namely wildlife farming, microenterprise initiatives, and ecotourism. We found that the concept of hunting was perceived as more complex than consumption, and that poverty, human population, and political will were shared as important drivers of both issues. The two-stage process we used indicated that individual and group phases were equally important. Key concepts were drawn out during the individual elicitation stage, while the participatory group phase allowed nuanced understanding of many of these concepts. We found that wildlife farming was predicted to be the most effective scenario for meeting many of the key state outcomes for both hunting and consumption. These results provide an example of using fuzzy cognitive mapping in a multistage process and illustrate its utility for arriving at decisions regarding interventions in complex social-ecological systems.
format	article
author	Julia L. van Velden Boyson H. Moyo Helen Ross Duan Biggs
author_facet	Julia L. van Velden Boyson H. Moyo Helen Ross Duan Biggs
author_sort	Julia L. van Velden
title	Understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge
title_short	Understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge
title_full	Understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge
title_fullStr	Understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge
title_full_unstemmed	Understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge
title_sort	understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in african savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge
publisher	Resilience Alliance
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/c922a57a2bfe4347991b0ebad630e15a
work_keys_str_mv	AT julialvanvelden understandingthebushmeathuntingcrisisinafricansavannasusingfuzzycognitivemappingandstakeholderknowledge AT boysonhmoyo understandingthebushmeathuntingcrisisinafricansavannasusingfuzzycognitivemappingandstakeholderknowledge AT helenross understandingthebushmeathuntingcrisisinafricansavannasusingfuzzycognitivemappingandstakeholderknowledge AT duanbiggs understandingthebushmeathuntingcrisisinafricansavannasusingfuzzycognitivemappingandstakeholderknowledge
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Understanding the bushmeat hunting crisis in African savannas using fuzzy cognitive mapping and stakeholder knowledge

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