Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The present work carries about a unique experimental investigation in the thermal management and cooling realms of the Photovoltaic (PV) panels under the most harsh environmental conditions. The performance of the heat sink and thermal storage heat sink techniques were analysed amongst the three pas...

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Autores principales:	Fahad Al-Amri, Taher S. Maatallah, Omar F. Al-Amri, Sajid Ali, Sadaqat Ali, Ijlal Shahrukh Ateeq, Richu Zachariah, Tarek S. Kayed
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Photovoltaic Immersion cooling Heat pipe Heat sink Phase change material Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c9246c1fad3e4b6395263658926dd6e5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c9246c1fad3e4b6395263658926dd6e52021-11-18T04:45:20ZInnovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia1110-016810.1016/j.aej.2021.06.046https://doaj.org/article/c9246c1fad3e4b6395263658926dd6e52022-02-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016821004087https://doaj.org/toc/1110-0168The present work carries about a unique experimental investigation in the thermal management and cooling realms of the Photovoltaic (PV) panels under the most harsh environmental conditions. The performance of the heat sink and thermal storage heat sink techniques were analysed amongst the three passively cooled PV panels. Moreover, the efficacy of the immersion and coolant thermal properties was evaluated and discussed for the four actively cooled Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) collectors. Even though, it was found that the heat sink-based PV panel configuration is more performant relatively compared to the PCM heat sink based-PV one since a drop of ten-degree in PV cell temperature was recorded, but still, the heat dissipation rate is not enough to withstand the severe mechanical and electrical degradation challenges under the harsh environmental climate of Saudi Arabia. For the actively cooled PVT collectors, it was found that the immersion technique protects the PV panel from the hot spot apparatuses and lead to better heat dissipation uniformity. The heat pipes based-PVT collector immersed in regular water has recorded the optimal temperature distribution and maximum temperature drop by 53% relatively compared to best passively cooled configuration. With ethylene glycol, engine oil, and active cooling without immersion, the steady-state PV temperature has been reduced relatively compared to a passively cooled PV panel by about 48%, 25%, and 21%, respectively.Fahad Al-AmriTaher S. MaatallahOmar F. Al-AmriSajid AliSadaqat AliIjlal Shahrukh AteeqRichu ZachariahTarek S. KayedElsevierarticlePhotovoltaicImmersion coolingHeat pipeHeat sinkPhase change materialEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENAlexandria Engineering Journal, Vol 61, Iss 2, Pp 1413-1424 (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Photovoltaic Immersion cooling Heat pipe Heat sink Phase change material Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
spellingShingle	Photovoltaic Immersion cooling Heat pipe Heat sink Phase change material Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Fahad Al-Amri Taher S. Maatallah Omar F. Al-Amri Sajid Ali Sadaqat Ali Ijlal Shahrukh Ateeq Richu Zachariah Tarek S. Kayed Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
description	The present work carries about a unique experimental investigation in the thermal management and cooling realms of the Photovoltaic (PV) panels under the most harsh environmental conditions. The performance of the heat sink and thermal storage heat sink techniques were analysed amongst the three passively cooled PV panels. Moreover, the efficacy of the immersion and coolant thermal properties was evaluated and discussed for the four actively cooled Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) collectors. Even though, it was found that the heat sink-based PV panel configuration is more performant relatively compared to the PCM heat sink based-PV one since a drop of ten-degree in PV cell temperature was recorded, but still, the heat dissipation rate is not enough to withstand the severe mechanical and electrical degradation challenges under the harsh environmental climate of Saudi Arabia. For the actively cooled PVT collectors, it was found that the immersion technique protects the PV panel from the hot spot apparatuses and lead to better heat dissipation uniformity. The heat pipes based-PVT collector immersed in regular water has recorded the optimal temperature distribution and maximum temperature drop by 53% relatively compared to best passively cooled configuration. With ethylene glycol, engine oil, and active cooling without immersion, the steady-state PV temperature has been reduced relatively compared to a passively cooled PV panel by about 48%, 25%, and 21%, respectively.
format	article
author	Fahad Al-Amri Taher S. Maatallah Omar F. Al-Amri Sajid Ali Sadaqat Ali Ijlal Shahrukh Ateeq Richu Zachariah Tarek S. Kayed
author_facet	Fahad Al-Amri Taher S. Maatallah Omar F. Al-Amri Sajid Ali Sadaqat Ali Ijlal Shahrukh Ateeq Richu Zachariah Tarek S. Kayed
author_sort	Fahad Al-Amri
title	Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_short	Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_full	Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr	Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed	Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
title_sort	innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the kingdom of saudi arabia
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/c9246c1fad3e4b6395263658926dd6e5
work_keys_str_mv	AT fahadalamri innovativetechniqueforachievinguniformtemperaturesacrosssolarpanelsusingheatpipesandliquidimmersioncoolingintheharshclimateinthekingdomofsaudiarabia AT tahersmaatallah innovativetechniqueforachievinguniformtemperaturesacrosssolarpanelsusingheatpipesandliquidimmersioncoolingintheharshclimateinthekingdomofsaudiarabia AT omarfalamri innovativetechniqueforachievinguniformtemperaturesacrosssolarpanelsusingheatpipesandliquidimmersioncoolingintheharshclimateinthekingdomofsaudiarabia AT sajidali innovativetechniqueforachievinguniformtemperaturesacrosssolarpanelsusingheatpipesandliquidimmersioncoolingintheharshclimateinthekingdomofsaudiarabia AT sadaqatali innovativetechniqueforachievinguniformtemperaturesacrosssolarpanelsusingheatpipesandliquidimmersioncoolingintheharshclimateinthekingdomofsaudiarabia AT ijlalshahrukhateeq innovativetechniqueforachievinguniformtemperaturesacrosssolarpanelsusingheatpipesandliquidimmersioncoolingintheharshclimateinthekingdomofsaudiarabia AT richuzachariah innovativetechniqueforachievinguniformtemperaturesacrosssolarpanelsusingheatpipesandliquidimmersioncoolingintheharshclimateinthekingdomofsaudiarabia AT tarekskayed innovativetechniqueforachievinguniformtemperaturesacrosssolarpanelsusingheatpipesandliquidimmersioncoolingintheharshclimateinthekingdomofsaudiarabia
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Innovative technique for achieving uniform temperatures across solar panels using heat pipes and liquid immersion cooling in the harsh climate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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