Future changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models

Abstract Western Boundary Currents (WBCs) are important for the oceanic transport of heat, dissolved gases and nutrients. They can affect regional climate and strongly influence the dispersion and distribution of marine species. Using state-of-the-art climate models from the latest and previous Clim...

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Autores principales:	Alex Sen Gupta, Annette Stellema, Gabriel M. Pontes, Andréa S. Taschetto, Adriana Vergés, Vincent Rossi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c93f1a23a76149a9bb9729d6961b401a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c93f1a23a76149a9bb9729d6961b401a2021-12-02T16:51:31ZFuture changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models10.1038/s41598-021-88934-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/c93f1a23a76149a9bb9729d6961b401a2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88934-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Western Boundary Currents (WBCs) are important for the oceanic transport of heat, dissolved gases and nutrients. They can affect regional climate and strongly influence the dispersion and distribution of marine species. Using state-of-the-art climate models from the latest and previous Climate Model Intercomparison Projects, we evaluate upper ocean circulation and examine future projections, focusing on subtropical and low-latitude WBCs. Despite their coarse resolution, climate models successfully reproduce most large-scale circulation features with ensemble mean transports typically within the range of observational uncertainty, although there is often a large spread across the models and some currents are systematically too strong or weak. Despite considerable differences in model structure, resolution and parameterisations, many currents show highly consistent projected changes across the models. For example, the East Australian Current, Brazil Current and Agulhas Current extensions are projected to intensify, while the Gulf Stream, Indonesian Throughflow and Agulhas Current are projected to weaken. Intermodel differences in most future circulation changes can be explained in part by projected changes in the large-scale surface winds. In moving to the latest model generation, despite structural model advancements, we find little systematic improvement in the simulation of ocean transports nor major differences in the projected changes. Alex Sen GuptaAnnette StellemaGabriel M. PontesAndréa S. TaschettoAdriana VergésVincent RossiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alex Sen Gupta Annette Stellema Gabriel M. Pontes Andréa S. Taschetto Adriana Vergés Vincent Rossi Future changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models
description	Abstract Western Boundary Currents (WBCs) are important for the oceanic transport of heat, dissolved gases and nutrients. They can affect regional climate and strongly influence the dispersion and distribution of marine species. Using state-of-the-art climate models from the latest and previous Climate Model Intercomparison Projects, we evaluate upper ocean circulation and examine future projections, focusing on subtropical and low-latitude WBCs. Despite their coarse resolution, climate models successfully reproduce most large-scale circulation features with ensemble mean transports typically within the range of observational uncertainty, although there is often a large spread across the models and some currents are systematically too strong or weak. Despite considerable differences in model structure, resolution and parameterisations, many currents show highly consistent projected changes across the models. For example, the East Australian Current, Brazil Current and Agulhas Current extensions are projected to intensify, while the Gulf Stream, Indonesian Throughflow and Agulhas Current are projected to weaken. Intermodel differences in most future circulation changes can be explained in part by projected changes in the large-scale surface winds. In moving to the latest model generation, despite structural model advancements, we find little systematic improvement in the simulation of ocean transports nor major differences in the projected changes.
format	article
author	Alex Sen Gupta Annette Stellema Gabriel M. Pontes Andréa S. Taschetto Adriana Vergés Vincent Rossi
author_facet	Alex Sen Gupta Annette Stellema Gabriel M. Pontes Andréa S. Taschetto Adriana Vergés Vincent Rossi
author_sort	Alex Sen Gupta
title	Future changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models
title_short	Future changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models
title_full	Future changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models
title_fullStr	Future changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models
title_full_unstemmed	Future changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models
title_sort	future changes to the upper ocean western boundary currents across two generations of climate models
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c93f1a23a76149a9bb9729d6961b401a
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Future changes to the upper ocean Western Boundary Currents across two generations of climate models

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