Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings

The planting method of deep sowing can make the seeds make full use of water in deep soil, which is considered to be an effective way to respond to drought stress. However, deep sowing will affect the growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.) at seedling stage. To better understand the response...

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Autores principales:	Fenqi Chen, Xiangzhuo Ji, Mingxing Bai, Zelong Zhuang, Yunling Peng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	maize deep seeding transcriptome analysis WGCNA different hormones network regulation Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c93fa64ca35c4fcdaa85948c27312cf6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c93fa64ca35c4fcdaa85948c27312cf62021-12-02T07:16:16ZNetwork Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.739101https://doaj.org/article/c93fa64ca35c4fcdaa85948c27312cf62021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.739101/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XThe planting method of deep sowing can make the seeds make full use of water in deep soil, which is considered to be an effective way to respond to drought stress. However, deep sowing will affect the growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.) at seedling stage. To better understand the response of maize to deep sowing stress and the mechanism of exogenous hormones [Gibberellin (GA3), Brassinolide (BR), Strigolactone (SL)] alleviates the damaging effects of deep-sowing stress, the physiological and transcriptome expression profiles of seedlings of deep sowing sensitive inbred line Zi330 and the deep-tolerant inbred line Qi319 were compared under deep sowing stress and the conditions of exogenous hormones alleviates stress. The results showed that mesocotyl elongated significantly after both deep sowing stress and application of exogenous hormones, and its elongation was mainly through elongation and expansion of cell volume. Hormone assays revealed no significant changes in zeatin (ZT) content of the mesocotyl after deep sowing and exogenous hormone application. The endogenous GA3 and auxin (IAA) contents in the mesocotyl of the two inbred lines increased significantly after the addition of exogenous GA3, BR, and SL under deep sowing stress compared to deep sowing stress, while BR and SL decreased significantly. Transcriptome analysis showed that the deep seeding stress was alleviated by GA3, BR, and SLs, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) mainly included cellulose synthase, expansin and glucanase, oxidase, lignin biosynthesis genes and so on. We also found that protein phosphatase 2C and GA receptor GID1 enhanced the ability of resist deep seeding stress in maize by participating in the abscisic acid (ABA) and the GA signaling pathway, respectively. In addition, we identified two gene modules that were significantly related to mesocotyl elongation, and identified some hub genes that were significantly related to mesocotyl elongation by WGCNA analysis. These genes were mainly involved in transcription regulation, hydrolase activity, protein binding and plasma membrane. Our results from this study may provide theoretical basis for determining the maize deep seeding tolerance and the mechanism by which exogenous hormones regulates deep seeding tolerance.Fenqi ChenXiangzhuo JiMingxing BaiZelong ZhuangYunling PengFrontiers Media S.A.articlemaizedeep seedingtranscriptome analysisWGCNAdifferent hormonesnetwork regulationPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	maize deep seeding transcriptome analysis WGCNA different hormones network regulation Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	maize deep seeding transcriptome analysis WGCNA different hormones network regulation Plant culture SB1-1110 Fenqi Chen Xiangzhuo Ji Mingxing Bai Zelong Zhuang Yunling Peng Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings
description	The planting method of deep sowing can make the seeds make full use of water in deep soil, which is considered to be an effective way to respond to drought stress. However, deep sowing will affect the growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.) at seedling stage. To better understand the response of maize to deep sowing stress and the mechanism of exogenous hormones [Gibberellin (GA3), Brassinolide (BR), Strigolactone (SL)] alleviates the damaging effects of deep-sowing stress, the physiological and transcriptome expression profiles of seedlings of deep sowing sensitive inbred line Zi330 and the deep-tolerant inbred line Qi319 were compared under deep sowing stress and the conditions of exogenous hormones alleviates stress. The results showed that mesocotyl elongated significantly after both deep sowing stress and application of exogenous hormones, and its elongation was mainly through elongation and expansion of cell volume. Hormone assays revealed no significant changes in zeatin (ZT) content of the mesocotyl after deep sowing and exogenous hormone application. The endogenous GA3 and auxin (IAA) contents in the mesocotyl of the two inbred lines increased significantly after the addition of exogenous GA3, BR, and SL under deep sowing stress compared to deep sowing stress, while BR and SL decreased significantly. Transcriptome analysis showed that the deep seeding stress was alleviated by GA3, BR, and SLs, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) mainly included cellulose synthase, expansin and glucanase, oxidase, lignin biosynthesis genes and so on. We also found that protein phosphatase 2C and GA receptor GID1 enhanced the ability of resist deep seeding stress in maize by participating in the abscisic acid (ABA) and the GA signaling pathway, respectively. In addition, we identified two gene modules that were significantly related to mesocotyl elongation, and identified some hub genes that were significantly related to mesocotyl elongation by WGCNA analysis. These genes were mainly involved in transcription regulation, hydrolase activity, protein binding and plasma membrane. Our results from this study may provide theoretical basis for determining the maize deep seeding tolerance and the mechanism by which exogenous hormones regulates deep seeding tolerance.
format	article
author	Fenqi Chen Xiangzhuo Ji Mingxing Bai Zelong Zhuang Yunling Peng
author_facet	Fenqi Chen Xiangzhuo Ji Mingxing Bai Zelong Zhuang Yunling Peng
author_sort	Fenqi Chen
title	Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings
title_short	Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings
title_full	Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings
title_fullStr	Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings
title_full_unstemmed	Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings
title_sort	network analysis of different exogenous hormones on the regulation of deep sowing tolerance in maize seedlings
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c93fa64ca35c4fcdaa85948c27312cf6
work_keys_str_mv	AT fenqichen networkanalysisofdifferentexogenoushormonesontheregulationofdeepsowingtoleranceinmaizeseedlings AT xiangzhuoji networkanalysisofdifferentexogenoushormonesontheregulationofdeepsowingtoleranceinmaizeseedlings AT mingxingbai networkanalysisofdifferentexogenoushormonesontheregulationofdeepsowingtoleranceinmaizeseedlings AT zelongzhuang networkanalysisofdifferentexogenoushormonesontheregulationofdeepsowingtoleranceinmaizeseedlings AT yunlingpeng networkanalysisofdifferentexogenoushormonesontheregulationofdeepsowingtoleranceinmaizeseedlings
_version_	1718399540612038656

Network Analysis of Different Exogenous Hormones on the Regulation of Deep Sowing Tolerance in Maize Seedlings

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