Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation

Polypyrrole/multiwalled carbon nanotubes composites (PPy/MWCNTs) were produced in an acidic solution utilizing an in situ oxidative polymerization method using ferric chloride as an oxidizing agent and sodium dodecyl sulfate as a soft template. Thermal evaporation was used to fabricate thin films fr...

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Autores principales:	Alaa Attar, Rima D. Alharthy, Mohammed Zwawi, Mohammed Algarni, Faisal Albatati, Mohamed Bassyouni, Mohamed Helmy Abdel-Aziz, Mohamed Shafick Zoromba, Ahmed F. Al-Hossainy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	polypyrrole composites solar cell application multi-walled carbon nanotubes Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c9571e48c06442b694bcd7f63e6ba985
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c9571e48c06442b694bcd7f63e6ba9852021-11-25T18:49:39ZFabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation10.3390/polym132240452073-4360https://doaj.org/article/c9571e48c06442b694bcd7f63e6ba9852021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/4045https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Polypyrrole/multiwalled carbon nanotubes composites (PPy/MWCNTs) were produced in an acidic solution utilizing an in situ oxidative polymerization method using ferric chloride as an oxidizing agent and sodium dodecyl sulfate as a soft template. Thermal evaporation was used to fabricate thin films from polypyrrole/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites. The resulting composites were examined by different techniques to explore their morphology, structural and electrical characteristics. The surface morphology analysis revealed that polypyrrole structure is a two-dimensional film with impeded nanoparticles and the thickness of coated PPy around the MWCNTs decreases when increasing the amount of MWCNTs. XRD analysis revealed that the average crystallite size of the prepared composites is 62.26 nm. The direct energy gap for PPy is affected by a factor ranging from 2.41 eV to 1.47 eV depending on the contents of MWCNTs. The thin film’s optical properties were examined using experimental and TDDFT-DFT/DMOl<sup>3</sup> simulation techniques. The optical constants and optical conductivity of the composites were calculated and correlated. The structural and optical characteristics of the simulated nanocomposites as single isolated molecules accord well with the experimental results. The nanocomposite thin films demonstrated promising results, making them a viable candidate for polymer solar cell demands. Under optimal circumstances, the constructed planar heterojunction solar cells with a 75 ± 3 nm layer of PPy/MWCNTs had a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.86%.Alaa AttarRima D. AlharthyMohammed ZwawiMohammed AlgarniFaisal AlbatatiMohamed BassyouniMohamed Helmy Abdel-AzizMohamed Shafick ZorombaAhmed F. Al-HossainyMDPI AGarticlepolypyrrole compositessolar cell applicationmulti-walled carbon nanotubesOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 4045, p 4045 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	polypyrrole composites solar cell application multi-walled carbon nanotubes Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	polypyrrole composites solar cell application multi-walled carbon nanotubes Organic chemistry QD241-441 Alaa Attar Rima D. Alharthy Mohammed Zwawi Mohammed Algarni Faisal Albatati Mohamed Bassyouni Mohamed Helmy Abdel-Aziz Mohamed Shafick Zoromba Ahmed F. Al-Hossainy Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation
description	Polypyrrole/multiwalled carbon nanotubes composites (PPy/MWCNTs) were produced in an acidic solution utilizing an in situ oxidative polymerization method using ferric chloride as an oxidizing agent and sodium dodecyl sulfate as a soft template. Thermal evaporation was used to fabricate thin films from polypyrrole/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites. The resulting composites were examined by different techniques to explore their morphology, structural and electrical characteristics. The surface morphology analysis revealed that polypyrrole structure is a two-dimensional film with impeded nanoparticles and the thickness of coated PPy around the MWCNTs decreases when increasing the amount of MWCNTs. XRD analysis revealed that the average crystallite size of the prepared composites is 62.26 nm. The direct energy gap for PPy is affected by a factor ranging from 2.41 eV to 1.47 eV depending on the contents of MWCNTs. The thin film’s optical properties were examined using experimental and TDDFT-DFT/DMOl<sup>3</sup> simulation techniques. The optical constants and optical conductivity of the composites were calculated and correlated. The structural and optical characteristics of the simulated nanocomposites as single isolated molecules accord well with the experimental results. The nanocomposite thin films demonstrated promising results, making them a viable candidate for polymer solar cell demands. Under optimal circumstances, the constructed planar heterojunction solar cells with a 75 ± 3 nm layer of PPy/MWCNTs had a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.86%.
format	article
author	Alaa Attar Rima D. Alharthy Mohammed Zwawi Mohammed Algarni Faisal Albatati Mohamed Bassyouni Mohamed Helmy Abdel-Aziz Mohamed Shafick Zoromba Ahmed F. Al-Hossainy
author_facet	Alaa Attar Rima D. Alharthy Mohammed Zwawi Mohammed Algarni Faisal Albatati Mohamed Bassyouni Mohamed Helmy Abdel-Aziz Mohamed Shafick Zoromba Ahmed F. Al-Hossainy
author_sort	Alaa Attar
title	Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation
title_short	Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation
title_full	Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation
title_fullStr	Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation
title_full_unstemmed	Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation
title_sort	fabrication and characterization of polypyrrole/multi-walled carbon nanotubes thin films using thermal evaporation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c9571e48c06442b694bcd7f63e6ba985
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Fabrication and Characterization of Polypyrrole/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Thin Films Using Thermal Evaporation

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