Impacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime

The cooling effect of green spaces as an ecological solution to mitigate urban climate change is well documented. However, the factors influencing the microclimate in the built environment around forest parks, diurnal variations of their impact and their degree of importance have not been explicitly...

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Autores principales:	Majid Amani-Beni, Biao Zhang, Gao-Di Xie, A. Jacob Odgaard
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	urban green space planning cooling effect air temperature urban heat island thermal comfort landscape architecture Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c975980238d642aea099ecdfa904f329
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c975980238d642aea099ecdfa904f3292021-11-25T18:55:34ZImpacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime10.3390/rs132247032072-4292https://doaj.org/article/c975980238d642aea099ecdfa904f3292021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4703https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292The cooling effect of green spaces as an ecological solution to mitigate urban climate change is well documented. However, the factors influencing the microclimate in the built environment around forest parks, diurnal variations of their impact and their degree of importance have not been explicitly addressed. We attempted to quantify how much various landscape parameters, including land cover and spatial location, impact the ambient air and surface temperature in the area around Beijing’s Olympic Forest Park. Data were taken along strategically located traverses inside and outside the park. We found: (1) The air temperature during the day was 1.0–3.5 °C lower in the park than in the surrounding area; the surface temperature was 1.7–4.8 °C lower; air humidity in the park increased by 8.7–15.1%; and the human comfort index reduced to 1.8–6.9, all generating a more comfortable thermal environment in the park than in the surrounding area. (2) The distance to the park and the green space ratio of the park’s surrounding area are significant factors for regulating its microclimate. A 1 km increase in distance to the park caused the temperature to increase by 0.83 °C; when the green space ratio increased by 10%, the temperature dropped by 0.16 °C on average. The impact of these two parameters was more obvious in the afternoon than in the middle of the day or in the morning. The green space ratio could be used for designing a more stable thermal environment. (3) Land cover affects surface temperature more than it does air temperature. Our data suggest that an urban plan with an even distribution of green space would provide the greatest thermal comfort.Majid Amani-BeniBiao ZhangGao-Di XieA. Jacob OdgaardMDPI AGarticleurban green space planningcooling effectair temperatureurban heat islandthermal comfortlandscape architectureScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4703, p 4703 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	urban green space planning cooling effect air temperature urban heat island thermal comfort landscape architecture Science Q
spellingShingle	urban green space planning cooling effect air temperature urban heat island thermal comfort landscape architecture Science Q Majid Amani-Beni Biao Zhang Gao-Di Xie A. Jacob Odgaard Impacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime
description	The cooling effect of green spaces as an ecological solution to mitigate urban climate change is well documented. However, the factors influencing the microclimate in the built environment around forest parks, diurnal variations of their impact and their degree of importance have not been explicitly addressed. We attempted to quantify how much various landscape parameters, including land cover and spatial location, impact the ambient air and surface temperature in the area around Beijing’s Olympic Forest Park. Data were taken along strategically located traverses inside and outside the park. We found: (1) The air temperature during the day was 1.0–3.5 °C lower in the park than in the surrounding area; the surface temperature was 1.7–4.8 °C lower; air humidity in the park increased by 8.7–15.1%; and the human comfort index reduced to 1.8–6.9, all generating a more comfortable thermal environment in the park than in the surrounding area. (2) The distance to the park and the green space ratio of the park’s surrounding area are significant factors for regulating its microclimate. A 1 km increase in distance to the park caused the temperature to increase by 0.83 °C; when the green space ratio increased by 10%, the temperature dropped by 0.16 °C on average. The impact of these two parameters was more obvious in the afternoon than in the middle of the day or in the morning. The green space ratio could be used for designing a more stable thermal environment. (3) Land cover affects surface temperature more than it does air temperature. Our data suggest that an urban plan with an even distribution of green space would provide the greatest thermal comfort.
format	article
author	Majid Amani-Beni Biao Zhang Gao-Di Xie A. Jacob Odgaard
author_facet	Majid Amani-Beni Biao Zhang Gao-Di Xie A. Jacob Odgaard
author_sort	Majid Amani-Beni
title	Impacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime
title_short	Impacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime
title_full	Impacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime
title_fullStr	Impacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime
title_full_unstemmed	Impacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime
title_sort	impacts of the microclimate of a large urban park on its surrounding built environment in the summertime
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c975980238d642aea099ecdfa904f329
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Impacts of the Microclimate of a Large Urban Park on Its Surrounding Built Environment in the Summertime

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