Broad-Spectrum and Gram-Negative-Targeting Antibiotics Differentially Regulate Antibody Isotype Responses to Injected Vaccines
Antibiotics are extensively used worldwide for the treatment of common infections by agents such as <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Salmonella.</i> They also represent the most common cause of alteration of the microbiota in people. We addressed whether broad-spectrum and Gram-negative...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/c9996d9bcb5948c6a67e0217c70abf59 |
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| Sumario: | Antibiotics are extensively used worldwide for the treatment of common infections by agents such as <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Salmonella.</i> They also represent the most common cause of alteration of the microbiota in people. We addressed whether broad-spectrum and Gram-negative-targeting antibiotics differentially regulate systemic and mucosal immune responses to vaccines. Antibiotics treatment enhances serum IgG1 responses in mice immunized systemically with a model polyvalent vaccine. This increase was not seen for other IgG subclasses and was dependent on the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens. The broad-spectrum antibiotic cocktail also enhanced serum IgA responses. Interestingly, both the broad spectrum and the antibiotic targeting Gram-negative bacteria enhanced the number of IgA antibody secreting cells in the intestinal lamina propria. This effect was unlikely to be due to an increase in cells expressing gut-homing receptors (i.e., CCR9 and α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub>) in peripheral tissues. On the other hand, the microbiome in mice treated with antibiotics was characterized by an overall reduction of the number of firmicutes. Furthermore, <i>Bacteroidetes</i> were increased by either treatment, and <i>Proteobacteria</i> were increased by the broad-spectrum antibiotics cocktail. Thus, immunoglobulin isotype and subclass responses are differentially regulated by oral antibiotics treatment and the gut microbiota shapes mucosal antibody responses after systemic immunization. |
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