Physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.

<h4>Introduction</h4>The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused unprecedented challenges for the medical staff worldwide, especially for those in hospitals where COVID-19-positive patients are hospitalized. The announcement of COVID-19 hospital restrictions by the Japanese go...

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Autores principales:	Takuya Okuno, Hisashi Itoshima, Jung-Ho Shin, Tetsuji Morishita, Susumu Kunisawa, Yuichi Imanaka
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c9c106bbc0224467bd993f695961dc15
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c9c106bbc0224467bd993f695961dc152021-12-02T20:16:17ZPhysical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0260446https://doaj.org/article/c9c106bbc0224467bd993f695961dc152021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260446https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused unprecedented challenges for the medical staff worldwide, especially for those in hospitals where COVID-19-positive patients are hospitalized. The announcement of COVID-19 hospital restrictions by the Japanese government has led to several limitations in hospital care, including an increased use of physical restraints, which could affect the care of elderly dementia patients. However, few studies have empirically validated the impact of physical restraint use during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the impact of regulatory changes, consequent to the pandemic, on physical restraint use among elderly dementia patients in acute care hospitals.<h4>Methods</h4>In this retrospective study, we extracted the data of elderly patients (aged > 64 years) who received dementia care in acute care hospitals between January 6, 2019, and July 4, 2020. We divided patients into two groups depending on whether they were admitted to hospitals that received COVID-19-positive patients. We calculated descriptive statistics to compare the trend in 2-week intervals and conducted an interrupted time-series analysis to validate the changes in the use of physical restraint.<h4>Results</h4>In hospitals that received COVID-19-positive patients, the number of patients who were physically restrained per 1,000 hospital admissions increased after the government's announcement, with a maximum incidence of 501.4 per 1,000 hospital admissions between the 73rd and 74th week after the announcement. Additionally, a significant increase in the use of physical restraints for elderly dementia patients was noted (p = 0.004) in hospitals that received COVID-19-positive patients. Elderly dementia patients who required personal care experienced a significant increase in the use of physical restraints during the COVID-19 pandemic.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Understanding the causes and mechanisms underlying an increased use of physical restraints for dementia patients can help design more effective care protocols for similar future situations.Takuya OkunoHisashi ItoshimaJung-Ho ShinTetsuji MorishitaSusumu KunisawaYuichi ImanakaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0260446 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Takuya Okuno Hisashi Itoshima Jung-Ho Shin Tetsuji Morishita Susumu Kunisawa Yuichi Imanaka Physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.
description	<h4>Introduction</h4>The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused unprecedented challenges for the medical staff worldwide, especially for those in hospitals where COVID-19-positive patients are hospitalized. The announcement of COVID-19 hospital restrictions by the Japanese government has led to several limitations in hospital care, including an increased use of physical restraints, which could affect the care of elderly dementia patients. However, few studies have empirically validated the impact of physical restraint use during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the impact of regulatory changes, consequent to the pandemic, on physical restraint use among elderly dementia patients in acute care hospitals.<h4>Methods</h4>In this retrospective study, we extracted the data of elderly patients (aged > 64 years) who received dementia care in acute care hospitals between January 6, 2019, and July 4, 2020. We divided patients into two groups depending on whether they were admitted to hospitals that received COVID-19-positive patients. We calculated descriptive statistics to compare the trend in 2-week intervals and conducted an interrupted time-series analysis to validate the changes in the use of physical restraint.<h4>Results</h4>In hospitals that received COVID-19-positive patients, the number of patients who were physically restrained per 1,000 hospital admissions increased after the government's announcement, with a maximum incidence of 501.4 per 1,000 hospital admissions between the 73rd and 74th week after the announcement. Additionally, a significant increase in the use of physical restraints for elderly dementia patients was noted (p = 0.004) in hospitals that received COVID-19-positive patients. Elderly dementia patients who required personal care experienced a significant increase in the use of physical restraints during the COVID-19 pandemic.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Understanding the causes and mechanisms underlying an increased use of physical restraints for dementia patients can help design more effective care protocols for similar future situations.
format	article
author	Takuya Okuno Hisashi Itoshima Jung-Ho Shin Tetsuji Morishita Susumu Kunisawa Yuichi Imanaka
author_facet	Takuya Okuno Hisashi Itoshima Jung-Ho Shin Tetsuji Morishita Susumu Kunisawa Yuichi Imanaka
author_sort	Takuya Okuno
title	Physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.
title_short	Physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.
title_full	Physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.
title_fullStr	Physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.
title_full_unstemmed	Physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.
title_sort	physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the covid-19 pandemic: a cohort analysis in japan.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/c9c106bbc0224467bd993f695961dc15
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Physical restraint of dementia patients in acute care hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort analysis in Japan.

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