Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.

<h4>Background</h4>Epicoccum nigrum Link (syn. E. purpurascens Ehrenb. ex Schlecht) is a saprophytic ascomycete distributed worldwide which colonizes a myriad of substrates. This fungus has been known as a biological control agent for plant pathogens and produces a variety of secondary m...

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Autores principales:	Léia Cecilia de Lima Fávaro, Fernando Lucas de Melo, Carlos Ivan Aguilar-Vildoso, Welington Luiz Araújo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/c9db2864a09342e1aea36fb015891306
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:c9db2864a09342e1aea36fb0158913062021-11-18T06:48:13ZPolyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0014828https://doaj.org/article/c9db2864a09342e1aea36fb0158913062011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21853017/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Epicoccum nigrum Link (syn. E. purpurascens Ehrenb. ex Schlecht) is a saprophytic ascomycete distributed worldwide which colonizes a myriad of substrates. This fungus has been known as a biological control agent for plant pathogens and produces a variety of secondary metabolites with important biological activities as well as biotechnological application. E. nigrum produces darkly pigmented muriform conidia on short conidiophores on sporodochia and is a genotypically and phenotypically highly variable species. Since different isolates identified as E. nigrum have been evaluated as biological control agents and used for biocompound production, it is highly desirable that this species name refers to only one lineage. However, according to morphological and genetic variation, E. nigrum present two genotypes that may comprise more than one species.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We report the application of combined molecular (ITS and β-tubulin gene sequence analysis, PCR-RFLP and AFLP techniques), morphometric, physiological, genetic compatibility and recombination analysis to study the taxonomic relationships within an endophytic population that has been identified as E. nigrum. This combined analysis established two genotypes showing morphological, physiological and genetic divergence as well as genetic incompatibility characterized by colony inhibition, strongly indicating that these genotypes correspond to different species. Genotype 1 corresponds to E. nigrum while genotype 2 represents a new species, referred to in this study as Epicoccum sp.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>This research contributes to the knowledge of the Epicoccum genus and asserts that the classification of E. nigrum as a single variable species should be reassessed. In fact, based on the polyphasic approach we suggest the occurrence of cryptic species within E. nigrum and also that many of the sequences deposited as E. nigrum in GenBank and culture collection of microbial strains should be reclassified, including the reference strain CBS 161.73 sequenced in this work. In addition, this study provides valuable tools for differentiation of Epicoccum species.Léia Cecilia de Lima FávaroFernando Lucas de MeloCarlos Ivan Aguilar-VildosoWelington Luiz AraújoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 8, p e14828 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Léia Cecilia de Lima Fávaro Fernando Lucas de Melo Carlos Ivan Aguilar-Vildoso Welington Luiz Araújo Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Epicoccum nigrum Link (syn. E. purpurascens Ehrenb. ex Schlecht) is a saprophytic ascomycete distributed worldwide which colonizes a myriad of substrates. This fungus has been known as a biological control agent for plant pathogens and produces a variety of secondary metabolites with important biological activities as well as biotechnological application. E. nigrum produces darkly pigmented muriform conidia on short conidiophores on sporodochia and is a genotypically and phenotypically highly variable species. Since different isolates identified as E. nigrum have been evaluated as biological control agents and used for biocompound production, it is highly desirable that this species name refers to only one lineage. However, according to morphological and genetic variation, E. nigrum present two genotypes that may comprise more than one species.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We report the application of combined molecular (ITS and β-tubulin gene sequence analysis, PCR-RFLP and AFLP techniques), morphometric, physiological, genetic compatibility and recombination analysis to study the taxonomic relationships within an endophytic population that has been identified as E. nigrum. This combined analysis established two genotypes showing morphological, physiological and genetic divergence as well as genetic incompatibility characterized by colony inhibition, strongly indicating that these genotypes correspond to different species. Genotype 1 corresponds to E. nigrum while genotype 2 represents a new species, referred to in this study as Epicoccum sp.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>This research contributes to the knowledge of the Epicoccum genus and asserts that the classification of E. nigrum as a single variable species should be reassessed. In fact, based on the polyphasic approach we suggest the occurrence of cryptic species within E. nigrum and also that many of the sequences deposited as E. nigrum in GenBank and culture collection of microbial strains should be reclassified, including the reference strain CBS 161.73 sequenced in this work. In addition, this study provides valuable tools for differentiation of Epicoccum species.
format	article
author	Léia Cecilia de Lima Fávaro Fernando Lucas de Melo Carlos Ivan Aguilar-Vildoso Welington Luiz Araújo
author_facet	Léia Cecilia de Lima Fávaro Fernando Lucas de Melo Carlos Ivan Aguilar-Vildoso Welington Luiz Araújo
author_sort	Léia Cecilia de Lima Fávaro
title	Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.
title_short	Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.
title_full	Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.
title_fullStr	Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.
title_full_unstemmed	Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.
title_sort	polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/c9db2864a09342e1aea36fb015891306
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Polyphasic analysis of intraspecific diversity in Epicoccum nigrum warrants reclassification into separate species.

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