Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.

Sharing is a fascinating activity of the human species and an important basis for the development of fairness, care, and cooperation in human social interaction. Economic research has proposed that sharing, or the willingness to sacrifice own resources for others, has its roots in social emotions su...

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Autores principales:	Tina Malti, Michaela Gummerum, Monika Keller, Maria Paula Chaparro, Marlis Buchmann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca145682d683449f85d50274a4d1da14
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca145682d683449f85d50274a4d1da142021-11-18T08:05:10ZEarly sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0052017https://doaj.org/article/ca145682d683449f85d50274a4d1da142012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23272197/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Sharing is a fascinating activity of the human species and an important basis for the development of fairness, care, and cooperation in human social interaction. Economic research has proposed that sharing, or the willingness to sacrifice own resources for others, has its roots in social emotions such as sympathy. However, only few cross-sectional experiments have investigated children's other-regarding preferences, and the question how social-emotional skills influence the willingness to share valuable resources has not been tested. In the present longitudinal-experimental study, a sample of 175 6-year-old children, their primary caregivers, and their teachers is examined over a 3-year period of time. Data are analyzed by means of growth curve modeling. The findings show that sharing valuable resources strongly increases in children from 6 to 9 years of age. Increases in sharing behavior are associated with the early-developing ability to sympathize with anonymous others. Sharing at 7 years of age is predicted by feelings of social acceptance at 6 years of age. These findings hold after controlling for children's IQ and SES. Girls share more equally than boys at 6 and 7 years of age, however, this gender difference disappears at the age of 9 years. These results indicate that human sharing strongly increases in middle childhood and, that this increase is associated with sympathy towards anonymous others and with feelings of social acceptance. Additionally, sharing develops earlier in girls than in boys. This developmental perspective contributes to new evidence on change in sharing and its social-emotional roots. A better understanding of the factors underlying differences in the development of sharing and pro-social orientations should also provide insights into the development of atypical, anti-social orientations which exhibit social-emotional differences such as aggression and bullying behavior.Tina MaltiMichaela GummerumMonika KellerMaria Paula ChaparroMarlis BuchmannPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e52017 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tina Malti Michaela Gummerum Monika Keller Maria Paula Chaparro Marlis Buchmann Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.
description	Sharing is a fascinating activity of the human species and an important basis for the development of fairness, care, and cooperation in human social interaction. Economic research has proposed that sharing, or the willingness to sacrifice own resources for others, has its roots in social emotions such as sympathy. However, only few cross-sectional experiments have investigated children's other-regarding preferences, and the question how social-emotional skills influence the willingness to share valuable resources has not been tested. In the present longitudinal-experimental study, a sample of 175 6-year-old children, their primary caregivers, and their teachers is examined over a 3-year period of time. Data are analyzed by means of growth curve modeling. The findings show that sharing valuable resources strongly increases in children from 6 to 9 years of age. Increases in sharing behavior are associated with the early-developing ability to sympathize with anonymous others. Sharing at 7 years of age is predicted by feelings of social acceptance at 6 years of age. These findings hold after controlling for children's IQ and SES. Girls share more equally than boys at 6 and 7 years of age, however, this gender difference disappears at the age of 9 years. These results indicate that human sharing strongly increases in middle childhood and, that this increase is associated with sympathy towards anonymous others and with feelings of social acceptance. Additionally, sharing develops earlier in girls than in boys. This developmental perspective contributes to new evidence on change in sharing and its social-emotional roots. A better understanding of the factors underlying differences in the development of sharing and pro-social orientations should also provide insights into the development of atypical, anti-social orientations which exhibit social-emotional differences such as aggression and bullying behavior.
format	article
author	Tina Malti Michaela Gummerum Monika Keller Maria Paula Chaparro Marlis Buchmann
author_facet	Tina Malti Michaela Gummerum Monika Keller Maria Paula Chaparro Marlis Buchmann
author_sort	Tina Malti
title	Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.
title_short	Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.
title_full	Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.
title_fullStr	Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.
title_full_unstemmed	Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.
title_sort	early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca145682d683449f85d50274a4d1da14
work_keys_str_mv	AT tinamalti earlysympathyandsocialacceptancepredictthedevelopmentofsharinginchildren AT michaelagummerum earlysympathyandsocialacceptancepredictthedevelopmentofsharinginchildren AT monikakeller earlysympathyandsocialacceptancepredictthedevelopmentofsharinginchildren AT mariapaulachaparro earlysympathyandsocialacceptancepredictthedevelopmentofsharinginchildren AT marlisbuchmann earlysympathyandsocialacceptancepredictthedevelopmentofsharinginchildren
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Early sympathy and social acceptance predict the development of sharing in children.

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