Mitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis

Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), considered one of the most globally important porcine pathogens, causes postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). This virus is localized in the mitochondria in pigs with PMWS. Here, we identified, for the first time, a mitochondrial localization signal (MLS) in...

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Autores principales:	Wanting Yu, Yuao Sun, Qing He, Chaoying Sun, Tian Dong, Luhua Zhang, Yang Zhan, Naidong Wang, Yi Yang, Yujie Sun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	PCV2 Cap MLS subcellular localization Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca241e0b25eb4024bd380a5496156d42
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca241e0b25eb4024bd380a5496156d422021-11-25T19:12:04ZMitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis10.3390/vetsci81102722306-7381https://doaj.org/article/ca241e0b25eb4024bd380a5496156d422021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/8/11/272https://doaj.org/toc/2306-7381Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), considered one of the most globally important porcine pathogens, causes postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). This virus is localized in the mitochondria in pigs with PMWS. Here, we identified, for the first time, a mitochondrial localization signal (MLS) in the PCV2 capsid protein (Cap) at the N-terminus. PK-15 cells showed colocalization of the MLS-EGFP fusion protein with mitochondria. Since the PCV2 Cap also contained a nuclear localization signal (NLS) that mediated entry into the nucleus, we inferred that the subcellular localization of the PCV2 Cap is inherently complex and dependent on the viral life cycle. Furthermore, we also determined that deletion of the MLS attenuated Cap-induced apoptosis. More importantly, the MLS was essential for PCV2 replication, as absence of the MLS resulted in failure of virus rescue from cells infected with infectious clone DNA. In conclusion, the MLS of the PCV2 Cap plays critical roles in Cap-induced apoptosis, and MLS deletion of Cap is lethal for virus rescue.Wanting YuYuao SunQing HeChaoying SunTian DongLuhua ZhangYang ZhanNaidong WangYi YangYujie SunMDPI AGarticlePCV2CapMLSsubcellular localizationVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary Sciences, Vol 8, Iss 272, p 272 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	PCV2 Cap MLS subcellular localization Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	PCV2 Cap MLS subcellular localization Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Wanting Yu Yuao Sun Qing He Chaoying Sun Tian Dong Luhua Zhang Yang Zhan Naidong Wang Yi Yang Yujie Sun Mitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis
description	Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), considered one of the most globally important porcine pathogens, causes postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). This virus is localized in the mitochondria in pigs with PMWS. Here, we identified, for the first time, a mitochondrial localization signal (MLS) in the PCV2 capsid protein (Cap) at the N-terminus. PK-15 cells showed colocalization of the MLS-EGFP fusion protein with mitochondria. Since the PCV2 Cap also contained a nuclear localization signal (NLS) that mediated entry into the nucleus, we inferred that the subcellular localization of the PCV2 Cap is inherently complex and dependent on the viral life cycle. Furthermore, we also determined that deletion of the MLS attenuated Cap-induced apoptosis. More importantly, the MLS was essential for PCV2 replication, as absence of the MLS resulted in failure of virus rescue from cells infected with infectious clone DNA. In conclusion, the MLS of the PCV2 Cap plays critical roles in Cap-induced apoptosis, and MLS deletion of Cap is lethal for virus rescue.
format	article
author	Wanting Yu Yuao Sun Qing He Chaoying Sun Tian Dong Luhua Zhang Yang Zhan Naidong Wang Yi Yang Yujie Sun
author_facet	Wanting Yu Yuao Sun Qing He Chaoying Sun Tian Dong Luhua Zhang Yang Zhan Naidong Wang Yi Yang Yujie Sun
author_sort	Wanting Yu
title	Mitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis
title_short	Mitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis
title_full	Mitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis
title_fullStr	Mitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis
title_full_unstemmed	Mitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis
title_sort	mitochondrial localization signal of porcine circovirus type 2 capsid protein plays a critical role in cap-induced apoptosis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca241e0b25eb4024bd380a5496156d42
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Mitochondrial Localization Signal of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Capsid Protein Plays a Critical Role in Cap-Induced Apoptosis

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