Eliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Due to the demand to upgrade from lithium-ion batteries (LIB), sodium-ion batteries (SIB) have been paid considerable attention for their high-energy, cost-effective, and sustainable battery system. Red phosphorus is one of the most promising anode candidates for SIBs, with a high theoretical specif...

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Autores principales:	Jong Hyuk Yun, San Moon, Do Kyung Kim, Joo-Hyung Kim
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	red phosphorus sodium-ion battery alloying reaction reaction mechanism Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca6c28d2ceec495bb01b49ddfdb808cf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca6c28d2ceec495bb01b49ddfdb808cf2021-11-25T18:32:03ZEliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries10.3390/nano111130532079-4991https://doaj.org/article/ca6c28d2ceec495bb01b49ddfdb808cf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/3053https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991Due to the demand to upgrade from lithium-ion batteries (LIB), sodium-ion batteries (SIB) have been paid considerable attention for their high-energy, cost-effective, and sustainable battery system. Red phosphorus is one of the most promising anode candidates for SIBs, with a high theoretical specific capacity of 2596 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> and in the discharge potential range of 0.01–0.8 V; however, it suffers from a low electrical conductivity, a substantial expansion of volume (~300%), and sluggish electron/ion kinetics. Herein, we have designed a well-defined electrode, which consists of red phosphorus, nanowire arrays encapsulated in the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (P@C NWs), which were fabricated via a two-step, anodized-aluminum oxide template. The designed anode achieved a high specific capacity of 2250 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> (87% of the theoretical capacity), and a stepwise analysis of the reaction behavior between sodium and red phosphorus was demonstrated, both of which have not been navigated in previous studies. We believe that our rational design of the red phosphorus electrode elicited the specific reaction mechanism revealed by the charge–discharge profiles, rendered excellent electrical conductivity, and accommodated volume expansion through the effective nano-architecture, thereby suggesting an efficient structure for the phosphorus anode to advance in the future.Jong Hyuk YunSan MoonDo Kyung KimJoo-Hyung KimMDPI AGarticlered phosphorussodium-ion batteryalloying reactionreaction mechanismChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 3053, p 3053 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	red phosphorus sodium-ion battery alloying reaction reaction mechanism Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	red phosphorus sodium-ion battery alloying reaction reaction mechanism Chemistry QD1-999 Jong Hyuk Yun San Moon Do Kyung Kim Joo-Hyung Kim Eliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
description	Due to the demand to upgrade from lithium-ion batteries (LIB), sodium-ion batteries (SIB) have been paid considerable attention for their high-energy, cost-effective, and sustainable battery system. Red phosphorus is one of the most promising anode candidates for SIBs, with a high theoretical specific capacity of 2596 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> and in the discharge potential range of 0.01–0.8 V; however, it suffers from a low electrical conductivity, a substantial expansion of volume (~300%), and sluggish electron/ion kinetics. Herein, we have designed a well-defined electrode, which consists of red phosphorus, nanowire arrays encapsulated in the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (P@C NWs), which were fabricated via a two-step, anodized-aluminum oxide template. The designed anode achieved a high specific capacity of 2250 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> (87% of the theoretical capacity), and a stepwise analysis of the reaction behavior between sodium and red phosphorus was demonstrated, both of which have not been navigated in previous studies. We believe that our rational design of the red phosphorus electrode elicited the specific reaction mechanism revealed by the charge–discharge profiles, rendered excellent electrical conductivity, and accommodated volume expansion through the effective nano-architecture, thereby suggesting an efficient structure for the phosphorus anode to advance in the future.
format	article
author	Jong Hyuk Yun San Moon Do Kyung Kim Joo-Hyung Kim
author_facet	Jong Hyuk Yun San Moon Do Kyung Kim Joo-Hyung Kim
author_sort	Jong Hyuk Yun
title	Eliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_short	Eliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_full	Eliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_fullStr	Eliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_full_unstemmed	Eliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_sort	eliciting specific electrochemical reaction behavior by rational design of a red phosphorus electrode for sodium-ion batteries
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca6c28d2ceec495bb01b49ddfdb808cf
work_keys_str_mv	AT jonghyukyun elicitingspecificelectrochemicalreactionbehaviorbyrationaldesignofaredphosphoruselectrodeforsodiumionbatteries AT sanmoon elicitingspecificelectrochemicalreactionbehaviorbyrationaldesignofaredphosphoruselectrodeforsodiumionbatteries AT dokyungkim elicitingspecificelectrochemicalreactionbehaviorbyrationaldesignofaredphosphoruselectrodeforsodiumionbatteries AT joohyungkim elicitingspecificelectrochemicalreactionbehaviorbyrationaldesignofaredphosphoruselectrodeforsodiumionbatteries
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Eliciting Specific Electrochemical Reaction Behavior by Rational Design of a Red Phosphorus Electrode for Sodium-Ion Batteries

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