Novel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells

Neural stem cell (NSC) quiescence plays pivotal roles in avoiding exhaustion of NSCs and securing sustainable neurogenesis in the adult brain. The maintenance of quiescence and transition between proliferation and quiescence are complex processes associated with multiple niche signals and environmen...

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Autores principales:	Jingtian Zhang, Junki Uchiyama, Koshi Imami, Yasushi Ishihama, Ryoichiro Kageyama, Taeko Kobayashi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	exosomes neural stem cells proteomics quiescence proliferation small extracellular vesicles Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca7cb6f4d83842bc9f362db59e4badb4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca7cb6f4d83842bc9f362db59e4badb42021-11-04T06:02:00ZNovel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells2296-634X10.3389/fcell.2021.762293https://doaj.org/article/ca7cb6f4d83842bc9f362db59e4badb42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.762293/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-634XNeural stem cell (NSC) quiescence plays pivotal roles in avoiding exhaustion of NSCs and securing sustainable neurogenesis in the adult brain. The maintenance of quiescence and transition between proliferation and quiescence are complex processes associated with multiple niche signals and environmental stimuli. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) containing functional cargos such as proteins, microRNAs, and mRNAs. The role of sEVs in NSC quiescence has not been fully investigated. Here, we applied proteomics to analyze the protein cargos of sEVs derived from proliferating, quiescent, and reactivating NSCs. Our findings revealed fluctuation of expression levels and functional clusters of gene ontology annotations of differentially expressed proteins especially in protein translation and vesicular transport among three sources of exosomes. Moreover, the use of exosome inhibitors revealed exosome contribution to entrance into as well as maintenance of quiescence. Exosome inhibition delayed entrance into quiescence, induced quiescent NSCs to exit from the G0 phase of the cell cycle, and significantly upregulated protein translation in quiescent NSCs. Our results suggest that NSC exosomes are involved in attenuating protein synthesis and thereby regulating the quiescence of NSCs.Jingtian ZhangJingtian ZhangJunki UchiyamaKoshi ImamiKoshi ImamiYasushi IshihamaRyoichiro KageyamaRyoichiro KageyamaRyoichiro KageyamaTaeko KobayashiTaeko KobayashiFrontiers Media S.A.articleexosomesneural stem cellsproteomicsquiescenceproliferationsmall extracellular vesiclesBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENFrontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	exosomes neural stem cells proteomics quiescence proliferation small extracellular vesicles Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	exosomes neural stem cells proteomics quiescence proliferation small extracellular vesicles Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Jingtian Zhang Jingtian Zhang Junki Uchiyama Koshi Imami Koshi Imami Yasushi Ishihama Ryoichiro Kageyama Ryoichiro Kageyama Ryoichiro Kageyama Taeko Kobayashi Taeko Kobayashi Novel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells
description	Neural stem cell (NSC) quiescence plays pivotal roles in avoiding exhaustion of NSCs and securing sustainable neurogenesis in the adult brain. The maintenance of quiescence and transition between proliferation and quiescence are complex processes associated with multiple niche signals and environmental stimuli. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) containing functional cargos such as proteins, microRNAs, and mRNAs. The role of sEVs in NSC quiescence has not been fully investigated. Here, we applied proteomics to analyze the protein cargos of sEVs derived from proliferating, quiescent, and reactivating NSCs. Our findings revealed fluctuation of expression levels and functional clusters of gene ontology annotations of differentially expressed proteins especially in protein translation and vesicular transport among three sources of exosomes. Moreover, the use of exosome inhibitors revealed exosome contribution to entrance into as well as maintenance of quiescence. Exosome inhibition delayed entrance into quiescence, induced quiescent NSCs to exit from the G0 phase of the cell cycle, and significantly upregulated protein translation in quiescent NSCs. Our results suggest that NSC exosomes are involved in attenuating protein synthesis and thereby regulating the quiescence of NSCs.
format	article
author	Jingtian Zhang Jingtian Zhang Junki Uchiyama Koshi Imami Koshi Imami Yasushi Ishihama Ryoichiro Kageyama Ryoichiro Kageyama Ryoichiro Kageyama Taeko Kobayashi Taeko Kobayashi
author_facet	Jingtian Zhang Jingtian Zhang Junki Uchiyama Koshi Imami Koshi Imami Yasushi Ishihama Ryoichiro Kageyama Ryoichiro Kageyama Ryoichiro Kageyama Taeko Kobayashi Taeko Kobayashi
author_sort	Jingtian Zhang
title	Novel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells
title_short	Novel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells
title_full	Novel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells
title_fullStr	Novel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Novel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells
title_sort	novel roles of small extracellular vesicles in regulating the quiescence and proliferation of neural stem cells
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca7cb6f4d83842bc9f362db59e4badb4
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Novel Roles of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regulating the Quiescence and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells

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