Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a granulomatous large-vessel vasculitis that affects adults above 50 years of age. In GCA, circulating monocytes are recruited to the inflamed arteries. With cues from the vascular microenvironment, they differentiate into macrophages and play important roles in the pat...

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Autores principales:	Idil Esen, William F. Jiemy, Yannick van Sleen, Kornelis S.M. van der Geest, Maria Sandovici, Peter Heeringa, Annemieke M. H. Boots, Elisabeth Brouwer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	giant cell arteritis macrophages imaging biomarkers Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca7f103607a244048651126f231310bc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca7f103607a244048651126f231310bc2021-11-11T17:35:36ZFunctionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment10.3390/jcm102149582077-0383https://doaj.org/article/ca7f103607a244048651126f231310bc2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/21/4958https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a granulomatous large-vessel vasculitis that affects adults above 50 years of age. In GCA, circulating monocytes are recruited to the inflamed arteries. With cues from the vascular microenvironment, they differentiate into macrophages and play important roles in the pathogenesis of GCA via pro-inflammatory cytokine production and vascular remodeling. However, a deeper understanding of macrophage heterogeneity in GCA pathogenesis is needed to assist the development of novel diagnostic tools and targeted therapies. Here, we review the current knowledge on macrophage heterogeneity and diverse functions of macrophage subsets in the pathogenesis of GCA. We next discuss the possibility to exploit their heterogeneity as a source of novel biomarkers and as targets for nuclear imaging. Finally, we discuss novel macrophage-targeted therapies and future directions for targeting these cells in GCA.Idil EsenWilliam F. JiemyYannick van SleenKornelis S.M. van der GeestMaria SandoviciPeter HeeringaAnnemieke M. H. BootsElisabeth BrouwerMDPI AGarticlegiant cell arteritismacrophagesimagingbiomarkersMedicineRENJournal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 4958, p 4958 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	giant cell arteritis macrophages imaging biomarkers Medicine R
spellingShingle	giant cell arteritis macrophages imaging biomarkers Medicine R Idil Esen William F. Jiemy Yannick van Sleen Kornelis S.M. van der Geest Maria Sandovici Peter Heeringa Annemieke M. H. Boots Elisabeth Brouwer Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment
description	Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a granulomatous large-vessel vasculitis that affects adults above 50 years of age. In GCA, circulating monocytes are recruited to the inflamed arteries. With cues from the vascular microenvironment, they differentiate into macrophages and play important roles in the pathogenesis of GCA via pro-inflammatory cytokine production and vascular remodeling. However, a deeper understanding of macrophage heterogeneity in GCA pathogenesis is needed to assist the development of novel diagnostic tools and targeted therapies. Here, we review the current knowledge on macrophage heterogeneity and diverse functions of macrophage subsets in the pathogenesis of GCA. We next discuss the possibility to exploit their heterogeneity as a source of novel biomarkers and as targets for nuclear imaging. Finally, we discuss novel macrophage-targeted therapies and future directions for targeting these cells in GCA.
format	article
author	Idil Esen William F. Jiemy Yannick van Sleen Kornelis S.M. van der Geest Maria Sandovici Peter Heeringa Annemieke M. H. Boots Elisabeth Brouwer
author_facet	Idil Esen William F. Jiemy Yannick van Sleen Kornelis S.M. van der Geest Maria Sandovici Peter Heeringa Annemieke M. H. Boots Elisabeth Brouwer
author_sort	Idil Esen
title	Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment
title_short	Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment
title_full	Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment
title_fullStr	Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment
title_full_unstemmed	Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment
title_sort	functionally heterogenous macrophage subsets in the pathogenesis of giant cell arteritis: novel targets for disease monitoring and treatment
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca7f103607a244048651126f231310bc
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Functionally Heterogenous Macrophage Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Novel Targets for Disease Monitoring and Treatment

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