DNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications

The past few decades have witnessed a rapid evolution in cancer drug research which is aimed at developing active biological interventions to regulate cancer-specific molecular targets. Nucleic acid-based therapeutics, including ribozymes, antisense oligonucleotides, small interference RNA (siRNA),...

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Autores principales:	I. B. K. Thomas, K. A. P. Gaminda, C. D. Jayasinghe, D. T. Abeysinghe, R. Senthilnithy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Hindawi Limited 2021
Materias:	Genetics QH426-470 Biochemistry QD415-436
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ca8513edb3f74fd49cd2192d985f38fa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ca8513edb3f74fd49cd2192d985f38fa2021-11-15T01:19:40ZDNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications2090-021X10.1155/2021/9365081https://doaj.org/article/ca8513edb3f74fd49cd2192d985f38fa2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9365081https://doaj.org/toc/2090-021XThe past few decades have witnessed a rapid evolution in cancer drug research which is aimed at developing active biological interventions to regulate cancer-specific molecular targets. Nucleic acid-based therapeutics, including ribozymes, antisense oligonucleotides, small interference RNA (siRNA), aptamer, and DNAzymes, have emerged as promising candidates regulating cancer-specific genes at either the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level. Gene-specific catalytic DNA molecules, or DNAzymes, have shown promise as a therapeutic intervention against cancer in various in vitro and in vivo models, expediting towards clinical applications. DNAzymes are single-stranded catalytic DNA that has not been observed in nature, and they are synthesized through in vitro selection processes from a large pool of random DNA libraries. The intrinsic properties of DNAzymes like small molecular weight, higher stability, excellent programmability, diversity, and low cost have brought them to the forefront of the nucleic acid-based therapeutic arsenal available for cancers. In recent years, considerable efforts have been undertaken to assess a variety of DNAzymes against different cancers. However, their therapeutic application is constrained by the low delivery efficiency, cellular uptake, and target detection within the tumour microenvironment. Thus, there is a pursuit to identify efficient delivery methods in vivo before the full potential of DNAzymes in cancer therapy is realized. In this light, a review of the recent advances in the use of DNAzymes against cancers in preclinical and clinical settings is valuable to understand its potential as effective cancer therapy. We have thus sought to firstly provide a brief overview of construction and recent improvements in the design of DNAzymes. Secondly, this review stipulates the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of DNAzymes developed against major hallmarks of cancers tested in preclinical and clinical settings. Lastly, the recent advances in DNAzyme delivery systems along with the challenges and prospects for the clinical application of DNAzymes as cancer therapy are also discussed.I. B. K. ThomasK. A. P. GamindaC. D. JayasingheD. T. AbeysingheR. SenthilnithyHindawi LimitedarticleGeneticsQH426-470BiochemistryQD415-436ENJournal of Nucleic Acids, Vol 2021 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Genetics QH426-470 Biochemistry QD415-436
spellingShingle	Genetics QH426-470 Biochemistry QD415-436 I. B. K. Thomas K. A. P. Gaminda C. D. Jayasinghe D. T. Abeysinghe R. Senthilnithy DNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications
description	The past few decades have witnessed a rapid evolution in cancer drug research which is aimed at developing active biological interventions to regulate cancer-specific molecular targets. Nucleic acid-based therapeutics, including ribozymes, antisense oligonucleotides, small interference RNA (siRNA), aptamer, and DNAzymes, have emerged as promising candidates regulating cancer-specific genes at either the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level. Gene-specific catalytic DNA molecules, or DNAzymes, have shown promise as a therapeutic intervention against cancer in various in vitro and in vivo models, expediting towards clinical applications. DNAzymes are single-stranded catalytic DNA that has not been observed in nature, and they are synthesized through in vitro selection processes from a large pool of random DNA libraries. The intrinsic properties of DNAzymes like small molecular weight, higher stability, excellent programmability, diversity, and low cost have brought them to the forefront of the nucleic acid-based therapeutic arsenal available for cancers. In recent years, considerable efforts have been undertaken to assess a variety of DNAzymes against different cancers. However, their therapeutic application is constrained by the low delivery efficiency, cellular uptake, and target detection within the tumour microenvironment. Thus, there is a pursuit to identify efficient delivery methods in vivo before the full potential of DNAzymes in cancer therapy is realized. In this light, a review of the recent advances in the use of DNAzymes against cancers in preclinical and clinical settings is valuable to understand its potential as effective cancer therapy. We have thus sought to firstly provide a brief overview of construction and recent improvements in the design of DNAzymes. Secondly, this review stipulates the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of DNAzymes developed against major hallmarks of cancers tested in preclinical and clinical settings. Lastly, the recent advances in DNAzyme delivery systems along with the challenges and prospects for the clinical application of DNAzymes as cancer therapy are also discussed.
format	article
author	I. B. K. Thomas K. A. P. Gaminda C. D. Jayasinghe D. T. Abeysinghe R. Senthilnithy
author_facet	I. B. K. Thomas K. A. P. Gaminda C. D. Jayasinghe D. T. Abeysinghe R. Senthilnithy
author_sort	I. B. K. Thomas
title	DNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications
title_short	DNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications
title_full	DNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications
title_fullStr	DNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications
title_full_unstemmed	DNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications
title_sort	dnazymes, novel therapeutic agents in cancer therapy: a review of concepts to applications
publisher	Hindawi Limited
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ca8513edb3f74fd49cd2192d985f38fa
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DNAzymes, Novel Therapeutic Agents in Cancer Therapy: A Review of Concepts to Applications

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